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Test - PL A

1. Where on the aerofoil the flow separation starts?

In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the trailing edge end. In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the wake on the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end.

2. At the critical angle of attack:

the lift coefficient reaches its maximum values, over further increasing of the angle of attack the lift coefficient decreases abruptly. the drag coefficient drops abruptly. the lift coefficient sharply increases.

3. The dynamic stability of a paraglider means:

that if unbalanced it is not completely returning into steady flight. that it is easy to steer, especially in aerobatics. that if unbalanced it returns into steady flight.

4. If the pilot weight increases, the wing glide ratio:

increases. decreases. stays the same.

5. At minimum speed:

the paraglider or powered paraglider is close to stall. the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the longest. the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the farthest.

6. The lift on the aerofoil:

is created due to angle of attack and change of air temperature above and below of the wing. is generated by the Coriolis force and by equalizing pressure above and below the aerofoil. is created due to different speed of flow above nad below the aerofoil.

7. Can we read the best glide ratio speed in front wind from the polar line?

No. Yes. Only for tail wind.

8. Which of the following pilot inputs increases the angle of attack?

Pulling the steering. Releasing the steering. Pushing the speed system.

9. With increasing height, atmospheric pressure:

increases and in the hight of 5.5 km is double of its value at the see level. decreases and in the hight of 5.5 km is a half of its value at the see level. does not change.

10. Vertical robustness of the troposphere is the lowest:

above Equator areas. above poles. in temperate zones.

11. At the passing active II. kind cold front we encounter typical dangerous phenomena:

icing, persistent rainfall, impaired visibility. low clouds, thick stratiform clouds and strong persistent rainfall. strong turbulence, severe icing, active thunderstorm activity, heavy showers, strong winds.

12. The stratification of air in an inversion layer is:

unstable. stable. indifferent.

13. During summer in Central Europe, in the central part of a significant anticyclone we expect:

mostly sunny, light wind, high temperatures duding a day, weakening thermics. inversion fog, variable wind, night thunderstorms and strong thermics during a day. clear skies, strong winds, cold at night, warm at daytime and strong thermics.

14. What do we mean by the term "clear thermic"?

Turbulence associated with a windshear. An ascending thermal current not topped by a cumulus cloud. Strong gusty wind in a coud free environment.

15. Precipitation coming off St-stratus layer of cloud is mostly:

violent torrential rain. hail. drizzle.

16. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy shoots forward and can collapse. the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse.

17. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

at the top of the mountain. so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top.

18. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind in the valley by the landing zone. the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station. the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge.

19. Spiral is performed by:

pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation. a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side.

20. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope.

21. B-stall is performed by:

by gradual pulling the rear row risers. by gradual pulling the first row risers. by pulling the second row risers.

22. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

against the wind. perpendicularly to the wind from left. with the wind.

23. 225 degrees is direction:

south west. north west. south east.

24. 9 cm in map with 1 : 500 000 scale refers of real distance:

45 km 60 km 50 km

25. Geographic coordinates indicate:

certain place name. certain geographical location. time zone position.

26. Sooner then in Prague, the sun rises in:

Moscow. Paris. London.

27. Time is reported:

in hours, minutes and seconds, so that a minute begins with 31. sec of a past minute and ends with 30. sec of actual minute. in degrees. in hours, minutes and seconds, so that a minute begins with 1. sec and ends with 60. sec.

28. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground. to pull the steering fully. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground.

29. If one side of canopy is stalled, the pilot should:

pull the second steering fully and then release both. release the steering continuously. hold down the already pulled steering and counter-steer the rotation by weight-shift.

30. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

to execute a descending maneuvre. using the reserve parachute. stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft.

31. The reserve parachute is used so that:

Pull the rezerve parachute handle; when the needles are torn out, the reserve parachute opening system is activated. By pulling the handle the reserve parachute is activated; the handle can be lost. Pull the reserve parachute from the harness and throw it into a free space letting go the handle too.

32. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position. in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident. in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway.

33. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers. steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute. turning only in the side where the steering line is OK.

34. The information about CTR, TMA, LKR, LKP position is in:

ADAC map. valid AIP or ICAO map. official CAA map.

35. If two or more aircrafts heavier then air are approaching one airport with the intention to land and the avoidance rules do not apply, the priority of landing is as follows:

the slower aircraft gives way to the faster aircraft. the aircraft flying on left gives way to the aircraft flying from right. the aircraft flying higher gives way to the lower flying aircraft.

36. In G class airspace there is:

a request of permanent two way connection. a request of connection for flights above 150 m AGL. no request of connection.

37. The prohibited airspace (LKP):

can be entered only on the G class airspace level and at the indicated air speed lower then 460 km/h. can be entered but cannot be left. cannot be entered axcept with a special authorization of a competent authority.

38. Can I meet an airliner in Class E airspace?

Yes. No. Only in clouds.

39. A proof of liability insurance must be on board during all flights.

Yes. No. Not during an airport flight.

40. A Czech paraglider technical certificate is issued:

by a producer’s technical inspector for category „P” and by LAA CR for category „Z”. always by a designated Paragliding Operations Inspector of LAA CR. always by a Paragliding Technical Inspector of LAA CR.

41. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

sun and wrong packing. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion.

43. Clearing the airway of unconscious patient is done primarily using:

stabilised position. backward head tilt. forward head tilt.

44. In practice, we can recognize the malfunction of blood stream (cardiac arrest) by the fact that:

the afflicted is unresponsive, does not breath or does only gasping breaths and does not move. we cannot feel the pulse at the carotid artery. we cannot feel the heart beating on the chest.

45. When stopping bleeding by tourniquet, the principle is:

„If using tourniquet, then properly.“ „The tourniquet must not hurt.“ „The tourniquet must hurt.“

46. "Secondary examination" of an injury afflicted means:

an inspection of afflicted "head to toe" in order to uncover any injury changes on body. the second (and next) control examination to determine if there is a deterioration in the status. an examination by another independent person to verify the initial conclusions.

47. A foreign object (e.g. little stone, sherd or so):

must be removed even if surrounding tissue is damaged and then the wound needs rinsing with disinfection. is never to be removed - cover the wound with anything in it and soak the bandage with disinfection. is to be removed from a wound if it is possible without excessive violence (e.g. rinsing with water, gently pulling etc.).

48. During ridge soaring after a collapse about 10 meters above ground a pilot landed hard on his left side; He is obviously shaken, however gets up, then collapses, is pale, reports pain in his hip, shakes, he wants to sleep, a little confused, but strictly refuses an offered call for an ambulance. The procedure will be:

We lay him in the anti-shock position with his feet up, cover him and call an ambulance. We lay him in shade into semi sitting position and check him occasionally during flying. If his condition gets worse, we call help. We are trying to calm him down, keep him in a position which is the most comfortable for him, cover him and call the emergency services.

49. Choose the true statement about heat loss after an injury:

Maintaining body temperature is one of the most energy-intensive vital processes. Fight against heat loss therefore belongs - especially with severe injuries - amongst life-saving acts with high priority. Mild hypothermia is in terms of first aid advantageous because it inhibits the metabolic processes and thus slows the onset of shock. Severe and prolonged hypothermia is harmful, preventing heat loss is therefore of particular importance for injuries in the winter and in poorly accessible terrain. Preventing heat loss is especially important because possible hypothermia is unpleasant and stressful for the afflicted. But this is not the priority for first aid.

50. The signal to the rescue helicopter from persons on the ground is done:

by waving any object of bright color. by standing with arms stretched sideways in A shape. by standing with arms up in Y shape.