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Test - PL A

1. When a paraglider is in steady flight in an ideal environment (no wind) at a glide ratio 6, then it means that:

it is flying at the speed of 6 m/s and the lift of the paraglider is 6 times greater then its drag. the lift of the paraglider is 6 times less then its drag. the lift is 6 times greater then the drag.

2. Spiral is a flight mode when:

the flow gets separated from the aerofoil on the inner side of the turning wing. the flow gets separated from the aerofoil on the outer side of the turning wing. the air flow doesn’t detach from the aerofoil.

3. The aerodynamic drag is a sum of:

form drag, friction drag, induced drag and interference drag. parasitic drag, form drag, interference drag and rolling drag. parasitic drag and supportive drag.

4. How the speed system works?

It decreases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. Sometimes it deforms the aerofoil shape. It decreases the angle of attack by releasing the rear risers. It increases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers.

5. The induced drag can be reduced by:

the wing arrow and air foil thickness. the air foil thickness and special aspect ratio and favorable wing tip shape.

6. The resultant aerodynamic force consists of:

lift and weight. lift coefficient and weight. lift and drag.

7. The lift on the aerofoil:

is created due to different speed of flow above nad below the aerofoil. is generated by the Coriolis force and by equalizing pressure above and below the aerofoil. is created due to angle of attack and change of air temperature above and below of the wing.

8. The main cause of the stall is always:

the start of transition of laminar flow into turbulent flow on the surface of the glider. exceeding the critical angle of attack. decreasing the flight speed under the minimum forward ground speed in a steady flight.

9. The speed of a thermal current depends on:

time of day and season. uneven heating of cyclonic thermal convective clouds. instability rate and air warming from the ground surface.

10. The character of precipitation falling out of Cb - cumulonimbus type clouds is:

drizzle. strong showers. persistent rainfall.

11. In which of the following changes of state is latent heat released?

Liquid into gas. Gas into liquid. Solid substance into gas.

12. Low level cloud can be:

Ac – altocumulus Ci – cirrus St – stratus

13. The low pressure system - Cyclone - is the area:

of low atmospheric pressure with the minimum value on its bordes. where the atmospheric pressure is decreasing outwards. of low atmospheric pressure with the minimum value in its middle.

14. Which type of precipitation comes off water only containing clouds at mid-latitudes?

Intensive rain. Drizzle. Light rain with big drops.

15. The basic cause of cloud formation in the atmosphere is:

achieving a state of saturation followed by water vapor condensation. achieving a state of saturation. decrease of air temperature with height.

16. B-stall is performed by:

by gradual pulling the first row risers. by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers.

17. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

18. The take off control includes:

the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments. the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space.

19. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

increased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. decreased.

20. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight.

21. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

22. When comparing the map with the terrain the most important is:

accurate compass. accurate watch. to carefully view the terrain ahead of the aircraft, alongside the aircraft and consistently compare the map with the terrain.

23. The difference between UTC and Central European Summer Time (CEST) time is:

1 hour. There is no difference. 2 hours.

24. The most suitable maps for aeronautical navigation are:

the maps which truly reflect the topographic situation and angles. maps with 1 : 500 000 scale. those with precise angles.

25. 10 cm in map with 1 : 200 000 scale refers of real distance:

50 km 20 km 200 km

26. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground. Experience of the pilot and his estimation. A good map and navigation skills of the pilot.

27. Comparative navigation involves:

comparison of data of navigation devices (GPS) with a map. comparing the calculated times with the reality. comparing terrain with a map and vice versa.

28. When landing in water surface a pilot should steer the glider:

with the wind from a side. with the wind. against the wind.

29. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers. a life jacket and a flare. a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes.

30. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

in rapid uncontrolable rotation. under a Cumulonimbus cloud. after being blown behind a mountain ridge.

31. If one side of canopy is stalled, the pilot should:

release the steering continuously. pull the second steering fully and then release both. hold down the already pulled steering and counter-steer the rotation by weight-shift.

32. Your last choice for emergency landing would always be:

electric wires. water surface. a parking.

33. If a pilot is being dragged by strong wind along the ground, he should:

pull the A risers or lines. wait until the glider stops itself. pull the steering lines or rear lines/risers.

34. A light aircraft can be steered by:

a pilot who holds a valid assessment on medical fitness or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum. a pilot who holds a valid pilot license with the appropriate qualifications or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum. a pilot who holds a valid pilot license with the appropriate qualifications or a person authorized by the light aircraft operator in the presence of the pilot, or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum.

35. After landing at the airport, the altimeter set to the airport QFE indicates:

the airport altitude AMSL. the airport altitude in standard atmosphere. 0.

36. A "P" technical certificate of a paraglider may be issued:

to any paraglider produced by a manufacturer authorized by LAA CR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR, PL - 2, DHV or CEN.

37. Can I meet an airliner in Class E airspace?

No. Yes. Only in clouds.

38. What is it CTR?

Terminal controlled area. Control zone of an airport. An air space where VFR flights are forbidden.

39. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

ZL - 1 PL - 2 ZL - 3

40. The information about CTR, TMA, LKR, LKP position is in:

official CAA map. ADAC map. valid AIP or ICAO map.

41. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing.

43. If it is obvious that the action of rescue helicopter is necessary, in the Czech Republic it is preferably needed to call number:

155 112 1210

44. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

hanging in a triangular bandage. tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too). using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.).

45. An afflicted suddenly collapsed during the ascent of the hill, he is lying down not moving, takes a deep breath about once in twenty seconds. Another witness of the incident tries to feel pulse on his neck and reports weak and rapid pulse. It is necessary to call for help immediately and:

Turn the afflicted into a stabilized position because there is a risk of vomit aspiration. Initiate artificial respiration because this breathing frequency is too low. Indirect heart massage is not needed because there are heartbeats and massage might damage lungs. Initiate resuscitation. So called "gasping breaths" are typical of sudden cardiac arrest. Pulse palpation by layman is unreliable and is not used for large number of errors - the first aider can feel his own heartbeat.

46. For the quality of resuscitation, the most crucial is:

the highest possible frequency of compressions. the deepest compressions. timely starting and continuity of compressions.

47. A foreign object (e.g. little stone, sherd or so):

must be removed even if surrounding tissue is damaged and then the wound needs rinsing with disinfection. is never to be removed - cover the wound with anything in it and soak the bandage with disinfection. is to be removed from a wound if it is possible without excessive violence (e.g. rinsing with water, gently pulling etc.).

48. The telephone number of medical emergency service in the Czech Republic is:

155 158 150

49. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds. should be used for taking care of any injury. are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease.

50. Unless prevented by special circumstances, the best for the accident afflicted is:

a position that the afflicted person wants to take. the "Anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible„ a position on the side („stabilized” or „recovery” position).