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Test - PL A

1. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio. the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio. the speed and drag ratio.

2. On which part of the glider canopy is the largest lift, seen from the front?

At the side parts of the glider. In the middle of the glider. The lift is evenly distributed.

3. Spiral is a flight mode when:

the flow gets separated from the aerofoil on the inner side of the turning wing. the air flow doesn’t detach from the aerofoil. the flow gets separated from the aerofoil on the outer side of the turning wing.

4. The main cause of the stall is always:

decreasing the flight speed under the minimum forward ground speed in a steady flight. exceeding the critical angle of attack. the start of transition of laminar flow into turbulent flow on the surface of the glider.

5. The inner wing side angle of attack of a turning paraglider:

is changing due to a change of trailing edge position. is changing because the wing banks in the same moment. is not changing.

6. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

lift and drag. thrust and weight, drag and lift. gravity force and lift plus drag.

7. The lift on the aerofoil is created by:

densification of streamlines above the aerofoil, the top surface of the aerofoil thus generates a negative pressure; below the aerofoil the streamlines expand and thereby an overpressure occurs beneath the aerofoil. the force of flowing air from front of the aerofoil (when the angel of attack is positive). densification of streamlines below the aerofoil, the lower surface of the aerofoil thus generates a negative pressure; above the aerofoil the streamlines expand and thereby an overpressure occurs above the aerofoil.

8. The separation of streamlines is when:

the airflow becomes detached from the surface of the aerofoil. turbulent flow around the upper surface of the wing switches to laminar flow. the streamlines leave the aerofoil after copying its shape.

9. The change of physical state water - water vapor is called:

evaporation condensation sublimation

10. The speed of a thermal current depends on:

instability rate and air warming from the ground surface. uneven heating of cyclonic thermal convective clouds. time of day and season.

11. In practice we converse wind speed in m/s into kt by formula:

1 m/s ~ 3 kt 1 m/s ~ 2 kt 1 m/s ~ 1 kt

12. Increasing distance between isobars means that in the given area the air velocity will be:

the distance between isobars tells nothing about the air velocity. faster. slower.

13. Precipitation coming off St-stratus layer of cloud is mostly:

violent torrential rain. drizzle. hail.

14. If a paraglider or powered paraglider pilot sees a Cumulonimbus cloud while flying, he should:

fly under the cloud in a safe vertical distance from its cloud base. fly around the storm area in a safe distance. land on a suitable landing field as soon as possible.

15. In our latitudes a vertically developed Cb cloud can reaches the height of:

up to 15 km, or rarely even more. 4 km 1 km

16. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

17. When entering a thermal current:

the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake. the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning.

18. The take off control includes:

the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments. the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space.

19. B-stall is performed by:

by gradual pulling the first row risers. by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers.

20. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

increased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. decreased.

21. The heading of aircraft and its direction of movement compare to ground is:

the same when flying in no wind or with the wind exactly from left or right. the same when flying in no wind or exactly against the wind or with the wind. always the same.

22. 9 cm in map with 1 : 500 000 scale refers of real distance:

50 km 45 km 60 km

23. The location of geographical and magnetic poles is:

identical. not identical. The magnetic pole is always to the east from the geographical pole.

24. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

topographic area. topographic situation. map projections.

25. Sooner then in Prague, the sun rises in:

Paris. Moscow. London.

26. The earth axix is a line intersecting the center of the earth perpendicularly to the equator. The points where this line intersects the earth surface are called poles and they are:

the marine poles. the geological poles. the magnetic poles.

27. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to focus on one landmark. to locate and identify several landmarks. to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft.

28. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

using the reserve parachute. stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft. to execute a descending maneuvre.

29. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers. a life jacket and a flare. a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes.

30. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers. turning only in the side where the steering line is OK. steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute.

31. If a pilot is being dragged by strong wind along the ground, he should:

pull the steering lines or rear lines/risers. wait until the glider stops itself. pull the A risers or lines.

32. After an asymmetric collapse the correct procedure is:

weight shift in the not collapsed side of the glider and brake the same side slightly to stop rotation.maximálně se vyklonit na nezaklopenou stranu a také ji přibrzdit tak, aby nedošlo k rotaci pulling the steering on the not collapsed side quickly and fully to help the regeneration of the canopy. no sudden piloting inputs; a certified paraglider will return into straight flight itself.

33. The best when blown behind a ridge is: Při přefouknutí přes kopec je nejbezpečnější

to fly with the wind as far as possible to a possible emergency landing field. to do big ears which will help to fly through turbulences by increasing surface load of the wing. to use a reserve parachute which is more stable in turbulences.

34. The upper limit of LKP airspace is:

in various altitudes (see AIP or valid ICAO map). in 1500 m AMSL. in FL 125.

35. In G class airspace there is:

no request of connection. a request of permanent two way connection. a request of connection for flights above 150 m AGL.

36. Verifying whether a paraglider technical certificate is valid is a duty of:

the operator. the head of air traffic. the aircraft commander (pilot).

37. The paraglider canopy is damaged mostly by:

UV rays, mechanical abrasion and humidity. storage in dark and dry rooms. mice and other wild rodents.

38. The pilot of the aircraft not equipped with a radio intending to arrive or leave an uncontrolled airport should:

coordinate in advance their arrival or departure with the airfield owner. observe, for the departure or arrival, the avoidance rules. coordinate in advance their arrival or departure with the AFIS unit or the aerodrome operator.

39. The definition of visibility is:

the ability to see and recognize outstanding unlighted objects by day and lights at night from the cockpit of the aircraft in flight. the ability to see forward from the cockpit of the aircraft in flight determined by meteorological conditions and expressed in units of distance. the ability to see and recognize outstanding unlighted objects by day and lights at night determined by atmospheric conditions and expressed in units of distance.

40. What is it CTR?

Terminal controlled area. An air space where VFR flights are forbidden. Control zone of an airport.

41. Initial examination includes:

finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing.

43. If the unconscious afflicted is not breathing:

We promptly transport him to the professional medical service. First we try to free the airway. We start the resuscitation immediately.

44. Signal to perform by a person on the ground to cancel the need of rescue helicopter landing is:

to wave by any object of red color. to stand and rhythmically move arms up and down wit palms turned upwards. to stand with one arm up and second arm along the body (a paraphrase of the letter N).

45. If it is obvious that the action of rescue helicopter is necessary, in the Czech Republic it is preferably needed to call number:

1210 112 155

46. During an improvised transport of an unconscious afflicted:

the process should be as fast as possible. special attention should be payed to caution and head fixation. caution is not important because the unconscious afflicted doesn’t feel pain anyway.

47. Chest compression during resuscitation is performed:

in the middle of chest bone. by the lower end of chest bone. next to left nipple.

48. Choose the true statement about improvised transport:

Unless it is necessary the patient should not be transported before the arrival of professional assistance. The most important is that the afflicted stays in a slightly inclined position with head down during the whole transport. The priority of an improvised transport is speed.

49. During ridge soaring after a collapse about 10 meters above ground a pilot landed hard on his left side; He is obviously shaken, however gets up, then collapses, is pale, reports pain in his hip, shakes, he wants to sleep, a little confused, but strictly refuses an offered call for an ambulance. The procedure will be:

We lay him in the anti-shock position with his feet up, cover him and call an ambulance. We lay him in shade into semi sitting position and check him occasionally during flying. If his condition gets worse, we call help. We are trying to calm him down, keep him in a position which is the most comfortable for him, cover him and call the emergency services.

50. If improvised transport of an insured PG pilot is necessary (for example in difficult terrain), as the best means of transport will serve:

the canopy folded in a suitable rectangular shape. into a stretcher tied straight branches. his paragliding harness.