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Test - PL A

1. Lift is:

a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force. the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile. an area resistance given by the angle of attack.

2. If the pilot weight increases the paraglider or powered paraglider speed:

does not change. increases. decreases.

3. Can we read the best glide ratio speed in front wind from the polar line?

No. Only for tail wind. Yes.

4. Turbulent flow is:

the flow of air particles in different directions. the flow of air particles in the same direction. when the air particles are not moving.

5. There are aerodynamic forces generated on a body in flow. They are called:

lift, mass and drag. lift and overpressure. the resultant aerodynamic force which is sum of lift and drag.

6. How the speed system works?

It decreases the angle of attack by releasing the rear risers. It increases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. It decreases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. Sometimes it deforms the aerofoil shape.

7. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

significant rise of forces in steering lines. sudden increase of descent rate. decrease of steering forces.

8. Glide ratio is influenced only by:

total weight. the velocity of flow. the angle of attack (i.e. lift and drag coefficients).

9. With increasing altitude the wind speed usually:

increases in the summer and decreases in the winter. increases. decreases.

10. What type of precipitation can be expected on an active cold front?

Drizzle. Light persistent rain. Showers and thunderstorms.

11. With increasing height, atmospheric pressure:

does not change. increases and in the hight of 5.5 km is double of its value at the see level. decreases and in the hight of 5.5 km is a half of its value at the see level.

12. Wind is given by:

the direction from which it blows and speed. the direction towards what it blows and speed. speed.

13. Among the clouds with a great vertical development is:

Ac – altocumulus Cc – cirocumulus Cb – cumulonimbus

14. The low pressure system - Cyclone - is the area:

where the atmospheric pressure is decreasing outwards. of low atmospheric pressure with the minimum value on its bordes. of low atmospheric pressure with the minimum value in its middle.

15. In meteorology, storm is:

a natural phenomenon accompanied by intensive rainfall and electrical discharges. a phenomenon identical with the term "cold front”. the most significant manifestation of convection in the free atmosphere.

16. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, full-stall and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, spin and B-stall.

17. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station. the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge. the wind in the valley by the landing zone.

18. How many items is there in the pre start check?

Seven. Five. Three.

19. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse.

20. I increase the flight speed by:

pulling the trimmers. depressing the speed system. pulling a bit of steering.

21. When entering a thermal current:

the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning. the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake.

22. Direction south is reported by:

180° 090° 360°

23. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to focus on one landmark. to locate and identify several landmarks. to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft.

24. 225 degrees is direction:

south east. north west. south west.

25. Geographical meridian is:

a half of meridian circle. a circle around the globe. a segment of a circle whose plane is perpendicular to the earth's axis.

26. The globe is:

a rotating ellipsoid flattened at the poles. a net of coordinate lines. ideal sphere.

27. Magnetic course is measured:

from prime meridian. from bearing indicator. from geographical north of local meridian.

28. If a pilot is being dragged by strong wind along the ground, he should:

wait until the glider stops itself. pull the steering lines or rear lines/risers. pull the A risers or lines.

29. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud. to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind. to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it.

30. For emergency landing You would prefer:

buildings. water. trees.

31. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull the steering fully. to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground.

32. You miscounted the landing approach and need to shorten it. You are 30 m above the ground:

By pulling tips of the wing via the right lines you can reduce the effective surface of the wing and glide under a better angle to the ground. In such altitude is best to make a 360 turn. By flying in figure eight or S turns you loose hight before the final glide.

33. The best when blown behind a ridge is: Při přefouknutí přes kopec je nejbezpečnější

to do big ears which will help to fly through turbulences by increasing surface load of the wing. to fly with the wind as far as possible to a possible emergency landing field. to use a reserve parachute which is more stable in turbulences.

34. In G class airspace there is:

a request of permanent two way connection. a request of connection for flights above 150 m AGL. no request of connection.

35. A "P" technical certificate of a paraglider may be issued:

only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR, PL - 2, DHV or CEN. to any paraglider produced by a manufacturer authorized by LAA CR.

36. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

ZL - 1 ZL - 3 PL - 2

37. Except for takeoff or landing, or except by permit issued by the Aviation Authority, a VFR flight must be conducted over the congested areas or gathering of people in the open air at a height that may not be less than:

300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 300 m from the aircraft. 150 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft. 300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft.

38. The prohibited airspace (LKP):

can be entered but cannot be left. cannot be entered axcept with a special authorization of a competent authority. can be entered only on the G class airspace level and at the indicated air speed lower then 460 km/h.

39. Two of the same category aircrafts are flying in one track against each other. Na vstřícné trati letí letadla stejné kategorie. Actions of avoidance are:

Both aircrafts will change their curse to the right. You will turn to the right, the other aircraft will turn to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the left.

40. If two or more aircrafts heavier then air are approaching one airport with the intention to land and the avoidance rules do not apply, the priority of landing is as follows:

the slower aircraft gives way to the faster aircraft. the aircraft flying higher gives way to the lower flying aircraft. the aircraft flying on left gives way to the aircraft flying from right.

41. Initial examination includes:

fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C.

42. Risers are:

the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early.

43. If the arrival of a rescue helicopter is expected, rescuers on the ground should stand so that:

they were always in the visual field of the helicopter pilot. they were evenly distributed around the expected landing site and they could prevent potential arrival of other persons. they were in the best possible place for a landing; just before touchdown they move in front of the helicopter.

44. Choose the true statement about tactics when you are a witness of a severe injury:

First, you need to restore vital functions as quickly as possible, and only then deal with calling for help. Before calling an emergency service it is appropriate to make at least indicative examination where the accident happened, what happened and how many affected there are. If we witness an accident, we call emergency service after a thorough examination, to make sure that the situation is really serious.

45. Resuscitation without artificial respiration is performed:

by chest compression at rate of about 60 times per minute so that resultant minute rate would be the same as there was also the artificial respiration. by continuous chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute. by chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute; instead of artificial breath there is a break after every 30 compressions for 5 seconds.

46. The first aid basics of wounds and abrasions treatment are:

Covering; in improvised conditions we never clean the wound and do not remove any foreign object from it. Removing any foreign objects by rinsing, disinfecting the wound area and covering bandage. Desinfecting the wound (in emergency using even concentrated alcohol), removing any foreign objects, covering.

47. The best way of use of the „anti-shock” foil (thermal blanket) is:

The afflicted is carefully covered with it. The afflicted is tightly wraped into it including head, only face is uncovered. It is laid under the afflicted.

48. Choose the true statement about improvised transport:

Unless it is necessary the patient should not be transported before the arrival of professional assistance. The priority of an improvised transport is speed. The most important is that the afflicted stays in a slightly inclined position with head down during the whole transport.

49. Treatment of wounds and fractures fixation of the afflicted by the accident is in the first aid performed:

always if there are gaping (deep) wounds and/or open fractures. always as a priority on any wound or fracture. only after the afflicted is out of vital functions malfunction danger.

50. Improvised tourniquet is to be applied:

always about 10 - 15 cm above the wound. only at arm or thigh, between a wound and heart. anywhere between the wound and heart.