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Test - PL A

1. Turbulent flow is:

when the air particles are not moving. the flow of air particles in the same direction. the flow of air particles in different directions.

2. Can we read the best glide ratio speed in front wind from the polar line?

Only for tail wind. Yes. No.

3. A paraglider stall occures when:

the speed system is pushed too fast. the pilot breaks too much. the glider overcomes the pilot when taking off.

4. The inner wing side angle of attack of a turning paraglider:

is not changing. is changing due to a change of trailing edge position. is changing because the wing banks in the same moment.

5. Select the correct statement regarding the position of the unconscious affected with a severe trauma:

An insured unconscious affected person should always be placed in position on her back with her head tilted back. If the affected is in the current position reliably breathing, I leave him in this position. The basic rule is not to move the unconscious affected to eliminate the risk of further damage to the spine and spinal cord.

6. The aircraft falls when:

it gets over the critical angle of attack. the pilot makes too sharp turn. the aircraft take off weight is higher then maximum allowed.

7. Larger part of lift is generated:

below the aerofoil, around 2/3. above the aerofoil, around 2/3. above 2/3 of the aerofoil, around 55%.

8. If the angle of attack increases, the forward speed:

increases. decreases. stays the same.

9. Which of the phenomena occurring on the II. kind cold front are particularly dangerous for low-flying aircraft?

Drop of cloud base, sometimes even to the ground. Strong turbulence limited to the narrow space of vortex - the microburst, with axis approximately at the base of Cb - cumulonimbus cloud. High pressure and temperature drop.

10. Among high level clouds are:

St – stratus, Sc – stratocumulus Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus Cc – cirrocumulus, Cs – cirrostratus

11. When climbing through the transition altitude the altimeter setting is changed. If the local QNH is 1023 hPa, what will happen to the altimeter data?

It will decrease. It will increase. It will not be affected.

12. Frontal fog forms usually on:

II. type cold fronts. worm fronts. stationary fronts.

13. Which of the following cloud types are a sign of unstable air mass?

St, Cs Cu, Cb Sc, Ns

14. Which type of precipitation comes off water only containing clouds at mid-latitudes?

Drizzle. Intensive rain. Light rain with big drops.

15. Convective activity in the mid-latitudes is the greatest:

in winter at midday. in summer at midday. at noon.

16. What does the term „spin” mean?

A spiral. Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. Symmetric paragider stall.

17. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight.

18. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy shoots forward and can collapse.

19. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

20. B-stall is performed by:

by gradual pulling the first row risers. by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers.

21. I increase the flight speed by:

pulling a bit of steering. depressing the speed system. pulling the trimmers.

22. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to locate and identify several landmarks. to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft. to focus on one landmark.

23. Geographical North and South:

change location depending on annual periods. are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism. do not change location.

24. 225 degrees is direction:

south west. south east. north west.

25. Course is measured in degrees from north:

clockwise. counterclockwise. clockwise to the east and counterclockwise to the west.

26. Direction south is reported by:

180° 360° 090°

27. When comparing the map with the terrain the most important is:

accurate watch. accurate compass. to carefully view the terrain ahead of the aircraft, alongside the aircraft and consistently compare the map with the terrain.

28. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight. fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost.

29. After a tall tree landing:

you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK. you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.) you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed.

30. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

using the reserve parachute. to execute a descending maneuvre. stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft.

31. If I stall the glider:

I release the steering continuously. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I hold the steering down firmly. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I release the steering quickly.

32. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket and a flare. a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers. a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes.

33. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident. in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway. in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position.

34. The AGL abbreviation by a height data in the airspace map means:

the hight according the local atmospheric pressure. the hight above the see level. the hight above the ground level.

35. VFR flights in C, D and E classes airspace may be carried out at a distance from clouds:

at least 1500 m horizontally and 300 m vertically. outside the clouds and in visibility of ground. only the first at the cloud base pilot can fly in into the cloud.

36. TMA (Terminal Control Area)

can be flown under. cannot be flown under or over. can be flown under only with a two way radio communication with AFIS.

37. Restricted air space (LK R):

must be passed through. can be passed through under specified conditions. must not be passed through.

38. An aircraft in flight or moving on the ground must give way to the aircraft:

which is landing or in the final approach to the landing. which has no connection with the air traffic control cervices. which received permission for landing approach.

39. The dangerous airspace (LKD) is is an area where flying is:

dangerous. restricted. prohibited.

40. Except for takeoff or landing or except by permission issued by the Authority a VFR flight must be conducted above the ground or water at a height of not less than:

150 m except for ridge soaring. 300 m 150 m

41. Initial examination includes:

fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C.

42. Risers are:

pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents.

43. Choose the true statement about heat loss after an injury:

Maintaining body temperature is one of the most energy-intensive vital processes. Fight against heat loss therefore belongs - especially with severe injuries - amongst life-saving acts with high priority. Mild hypothermia is in terms of first aid advantageous because it inhibits the metabolic processes and thus slows the onset of shock. Severe and prolonged hypothermia is harmful, preventing heat loss is therefore of particular importance for injuries in the winter and in poorly accessible terrain. Preventing heat loss is especially important because possible hypothermia is unpleasant and stressful for the afflicted. But this is not the priority for first aid.

44. "Gasping breaths" mean:

individual breaths in noticeably long intervals by the unconscious afflicted; these breaths are typical for cardiac arrest. noticeably noisy breaths in fast pace; these breaths are typical for developing shock-like state. noticeably fast but quiet and shallow breathing, typical for a patient with an airway obstruction.

45. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

should be used for taking care of any injury. are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease. should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds.

46. If the arrival of a rescue helicopter is expected, rescuers on the ground should stand so that:

they were always in the visual field of the helicopter pilot. they were in the best possible place for a landing; just before touchdown they move in front of the helicopter. they were evenly distributed around the expected landing site and they could prevent potential arrival of other persons.

47. When stopping bleeding by tourniquet, the principle is:

„If using tourniquet, then properly.“ „The tourniquet must not hurt.“ „The tourniquet must hurt.“

48. If one layer of pressure bandage is not enough to stop bleeding from a wound on leg:

We urge the arrival of emergency services and re-emphasize the urgency of the case. We take off the old bandage and apply a new one and tighten it better. We apply another 1 or 2 layers or, if still not enough, use a tourniquet.

49. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). hanging in a triangular bandage. tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too).

50. During an unsuccessful landing a pilot flew through a window and cut his wrist so badly that the wound is heavily bleeding, blood squirts. 10 cm long piece of broken glass projects from the wound. The afflicted person is conscious, pale, complaining of pain in his right ankle which is evidently deformed. We'll call an ambulance and:

fix the leg, lay the afflicted in the anti shock position, lift the wounded hand up and if the bleeding doesn’t stop, apply a compressing bandage. put the afflicted in a semi sitting position, pull out the sherd and apply compressing bandage. lay the afflicted down on his back with legs lifted, apply a tourniquet on his forearm tightening it gently. We do not pull out the piece of glass on principle.