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Test - PL A

1. The total weight of a pilot with all equipment is 100 kg and the area of the glider is 25 m2. The surface load of the paraglider is:

4 kg/m3 0.25 kg/m3 0.4 kg/m3

2. The induced drag can be reduced by:

aspect ratio and favorable wing tip shape. the wing arrow and air foil thickness. the air foil thickness and special

3. The optimal gliding ratio can be flown:

with critical angle of attack. with two different angles of attack. with just one angle of attack.

4. The aircraft falls when:

the pilot makes too sharp turn. it gets over the critical angle of attack. the aircraft take off weight is higher then maximum allowed.

5. The paraglider glide ratio is defined as:

the weight and lift ratio. the ratio between the horizontal and vertical velocity component of the paraglider. the relation between the glider performance and vertical speed.

6. If the angle of attack increases, the forward speed:

increases. decreases. stays the same.

7. On the bottom side of the wing in flight there is:

no pressure. overpressure. negative pressure.

8. Lift is:

an area resistance given by the angle of attack. a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force. the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile.

9. A prerequisite for the condensation of the saturated water vapor in the troposphere is the presence of condensation nuclei which are:

solid particles. liquid particles. solid and liquid particles.

10. The valley wind is blowing:

across the valley due to winds aloft. along the mountain valley axis at daytime up to the mountains (against the river stream). across the valley up the mountain slopes.

11. Air density:

increases with decreasing air temperature. decreases with decreasing air temperature. increases with increasing air temperature.

12. Vertical robustness of the troposphere is the lowest:

in temperate zones. above Equator areas. above poles.

13. Which types of clouds are typical for a warm front cloud system:

Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus, Cb – cumulonimbus Ns – nimbostratus, As – altostratus, Cs – cirostratus Sc – stratocumulus, Ac – altocumulus, Cc – cirocumulus

14. Which of the following types of cloud is considered middle level clouds in the temperate latitudes?

St, Sc As, Ac Ns, Ci

15. With increasing altitude the wind speed usually:

increases. increases in the summer and decreases in the winter. decreases.

16. What does the term „spin” mean?

Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. A spiral. Symmetric paragider stall.

17. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse.

18. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope.

19. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight.

20. I increase the flight speed by:

depressing the speed system. pulling the trimmers. pulling a bit of steering.

21. How many items is there in the pre start check?

Three. Seven. Five.

22. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft. to locate and identify several landmarks. to focus on one landmark.

23. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

against the wind. perpendicularly to the wind from left. with the wind.

24. The earth axix is a line intersecting the center of the earth perpendicularly to the equator. The points where this line intersects the earth surface are called poles and they are:

the magnetic poles. the marine poles. the geological poles.

25. The difference between UTC and Central European (CET) time is:

There is no difference. 1 hour. 2 hours.

26. Magnetic course is measured:

from prime meridian. from bearing indicator. from geographical north of local meridian.

27. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

A good map and navigation skills of the pilot. Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground. Experience of the pilot and his estimation.

28. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines. I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing. I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway.

29. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident. in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway. in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position.

30. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind. to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it. to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud.

31. After a tall tree landing:

you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.) you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK. you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed.

32. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight. fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost.

33. For emergency landing a pilot would rather choose:

a lonely tree. dense forest. a forest road.

34. If two or more aircrafts heavier then air are approaching one airport with the intention to land and the avoidance rules do not apply, the priority of landing is as follows:

the aircraft flying higher gives way to the lower flying aircraft. the aircraft flying on left gives way to the aircraft flying from right. the slower aircraft gives way to the faster aircraft.

35. An aircraft having priority must maintain its course and speed:

These conditions must not be changed. This rule does not relieve the aircraft commander of responsibility to carry out such measures that will the best prevent a collision. The course must be kept but speed can be changed.

36. An aircraft in flight or moving on the ground must give way to the aircraft:

which has no connection with the air traffic control cervices. which is landing or in the final approach to the landing. which received permission for landing approach.

37. A Czech paraglider technical certificate is issued:

by a producer’s technical inspector for category „P” and by LAA CR for category „Z”. always by a designated Paragliding Operations Inspector of LAA CR. always by a Paragliding Technical Inspector of LAA CR.

38. The paraglider canopy is damaged mostly by:

mice and other wild rodents. UV rays, mechanical abrasion and humidity. storage in dark and dry rooms.

39. VFR flights in C, D and E classes airspace may be carried out at a distance from clouds:

only the first at the cloud base pilot can fly in into the cloud. at least 1500 m horizontally and 300 m vertically. outside the clouds and in visibility of ground.

40. A pilot must always have:

a proof of identity, a pilot's license or a student document, the airworthiness certificate, a proof of insurance for damage caused the aircraft operation, medical certificate of flying eligibility. a proof of identity, a pilot's license or a student document, the technical certificate of the aircraft, a proof of insurance for damage caused by the aircraft operation. a pilot's license or a student document, the airworthiness certificate, a proof of insurance for damage caused the aircraft operation, medical certificate of flying eligibility.

41. Risers are:

the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. sun and wrong packing.

43. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease. should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds. should be used for taking care of any injury.

44. During an improvised transport of an afflicted:

the limbs should be stretched along the long axis of body. the specific position is not a question but the fact that the afflicted is fixed and the position does not change suddenly. the head should be placed so that it could move in response to terrain unevenness.

45. Fractures of upper limbs are preferably fixed by:

using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). hanging in a triangular bandage. tightening to the body in extended position.

46. Resuscitation without artificial respiration is performed:

by continuous chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute. by chest compression at rate of about 60 times per minute so that resultant minute rate would be the same as there was also the artificial respiration. by chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute; instead of artificial breath there is a break after every 30 compressions for 5 seconds.

47. During an unsuccessful landing a pilot flew through a window and cut his wrist so badly that the wound is heavily bleeding, blood squirts. 10 cm long piece of broken glass projects from the wound. The afflicted person is conscious, pale, complaining of pain in his right ankle which is evidently deformed. We'll call an ambulance and:

fix the leg, lay the afflicted in the anti shock position, lift the wounded hand up and if the bleeding doesn’t stop, apply a compressing bandage. lay the afflicted down on his back with legs lifted, apply a tourniquet on his forearm tightening it gently. We do not pull out the piece of glass on principle. put the afflicted in a semi sitting position, pull out the sherd and apply compressing bandage.

48. "Gasping breaths" mean:

noticeably noisy breaths in fast pace; these breaths are typical for developing shock-like state. noticeably fast but quiet and shallow breathing, typical for a patient with an airway obstruction. individual breaths in noticeably long intervals by the unconscious afflicted; these breaths are typical for cardiac arrest.

49. After applying tourniquet the wound is still bleeding:

We need to use another compress bandage. The tourniquet needs tightening. Loosen the tourniquet and lift the afflicted limb up.

50. A foreign object (e.g. little stone, sherd or so):

is never to be removed - cover the wound with anything in it and soak the bandage with disinfection. must be removed even if surrounding tissue is damaged and then the wound needs rinsing with disinfection. is to be removed from a wound if it is possible without excessive violence (e.g. rinsing with water, gently pulling etc.).