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Test - PL A

1. The paraglider glide ratio is defined as:

the relation between the glider performance and vertical speed. the ratio between the horizontal and vertical velocity component of the paraglider. the weight and lift ratio.

2. Lift is:

an area resistance given by the angle of attack. a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force. the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile.

3. At minimum speed:

the paraglider or powered paraglider is close to stall. the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the farthest. the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the longest.

4. There are aerodynamic forces generated on a body in flow. They are called:

the resultant aerodynamic force which is sum of lift and drag. lift and overpressure. lift, mass and drag.

5. The inner wing side angle of attack of a turning paraglider:

is changing because the wing banks in the same moment. is not changing. is changing due to a change of trailing edge position.

6. The centre of gravity of an aircraft:

is a point where the resultant aerodynamic force acts. is a point where the resultant aerodynamic force and force of gravity acts. is a point where the force of gravity acts.

7. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

8. If the pilot weight increases the paraglider or powered paraglider speed:

increases. decreases. does not change.

9. Condensed isobars on the synoptic map indicate:

pressure level of the area. high temperature difference. greater pressure difference and therefore stronger wind.

10. Wind significantly affects air traffic:

in all its stages. during landing and takeoff, but not in flight at flight level. only in flight at flight level.

11. The form of precipitation falling out of vertically developed cloud type Cb - cumulonimbus is mostly:

light rain. drizzle. rain and hail.

12. Which of the listed fog types is usually dissolved by increasing surface wind speed?

Radiation fog. Advection fog. Frontal fog.

13. How the air masses move in a warm front?

Warm air shifts above the cold air mass. Cold air shifts above the warm air mass. Warm air shifts below the cold air mass.

14. Precipitation zone of a warm front is:

mostly right after the front line and it is showers. before the front line and it is persistent rainfall. at the front line and it is short rainfall.

15. With increasing altitude the wind speed usually:

decreases. increases in the summer and decreases in the winter. increases.

16. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

at the top of the mountain. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower.

17. What does the term „spin” mean?

A spiral. Symmetric paragider stall. Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall.

18. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope.

19. The take off control includes:

the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments. the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space.

20. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

increased. decreased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases.

21. I increase the flight speed by:

pulling the trimmers. depressing the speed system. pulling a bit of steering.

22. The prime meridian is:

the meridian, at which the latitude and longitude equal 0. meridian, also called the base meridian, passing through Greenwich Observatory in England. a meridian not passing through observatory in Greenwich, but only a small circle.

23. 225 degrees is direction:

north west. south west. south east.

24. Comparative navigation involves:

comparing terrain with a map and vice versa. comparison of data of navigation devices (GPS) with a map. comparing the calculated times with the reality.

25. Time is reported:

in hours, minutes and seconds, so that a minute begins with 1. sec and ends with 60. sec. in hours, minutes and seconds, so that a minute begins with 31. sec of a past minute and ends with 30. sec of actual minute. in degrees.

26. Direction south is reported by:

180° 090° 360°

27. Time of sunrise and sunset varies:

influenced by the magnetic field of the Earth. with annual periods. depending on the intensity of sunlight.

28. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket and a flare. a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes. a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers.

29. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway. in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position. in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident.

30. When flying on speed system:

The paraglider will increase its speed and will be more prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and it will be more stabile thanks to better flow. The paraglider is prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses.

31. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud. to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it. to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind.

32. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field. He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him. He should step in the speed bar and make big ears.

33. If I stall the glider:

I release the steering continuously. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I hold the steering down firmly. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I release the steering quickly.

34. The period of validity of the medical certificate on health ability for Czech pilots is:

24 months for persons between 35 and 60 years of age. 12 months for persons above 60 years of age. 36 months for persons between 30 and 60 years of age.

35. A Czech Pilot license holder can obtain a Sport Pilot license after:

nine months. six months. five months.

36. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations. a segregated airspace with a permanent information service. a segregated airspace with air traffic control service.

37. An overtaking plane is that which approaches the overtaken aircraft from behind on a line forming with a plane of symmetry of the overtaken aircraft angle of less than:

70 degrees. 80 degrees. 60 degrees.

38. Czech abbrevation SLZ means:

Sportovní Létající Zařízení = Sport Flying Equipment Společná Letová Zóna = Common Flight Zone Stálé Letové Zabezpečení = Permanent Flight Security

39. Conducting a paragliding training is only allowed to:

a competition pilot, a PG instructor and a PG instructor in training. a PG instructor and a PG instructor in training. a sport pilot and a PG instructor.

40. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

ZL - 1 PL - 2 ZL - 3

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

42. Risers are:

up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness.

43. A pilot should have his mobile phone:

placed in the pocket of the harness so that it could not cause any injury in case of an accident. placed so that it could be reached in any position of pilot’s body. switched off because the aviation regulations forbid the use of mobile phones in flight.

44. Treatment of wounds and fractures fixation of the afflicted by the accident is in the first aid performed:

only after the afflicted is out of vital functions malfunction danger. always as a priority on any wound or fracture. always if there are gaping (deep) wounds and/or open fractures.

45. During ridge soaring after a collapse about 10 meters above ground a pilot landed hard on his left side; He is obviously shaken, however gets up, then collapses, is pale, reports pain in his hip, shakes, he wants to sleep, a little confused, but strictly refuses an offered call for an ambulance. The procedure will be:

We are trying to calm him down, keep him in a position which is the most comfortable for him, cover him and call the emergency services. We lay him in shade into semi sitting position and check him occasionally during flying. If his condition gets worse, we call help. We lay him in the anti-shock position with his feet up, cover him and call an ambulance.

46. Fractures of upper limbs are preferably fixed by:

hanging in a triangular bandage. tightening to the body in extended position. using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.).

47. A paraglider in a spin fell nearby. On our approach he lies on his back, unconscious, not breathing, bluish. No clearly visible injury is obvious. We'll call an ambulance and firstly:

lay the afflicted in the anti-shock position with head underlaid. lay the afflicted in the stabilized position. free the airway by backward head tilt.

48. An afflicted suddenly collapsed during the ascent of the hill, he is lying down not moving, takes a deep breath about once in twenty seconds. Another witness of the incident tries to feel pulse on his neck and reports weak and rapid pulse. It is necessary to call for help immediately and:

Initiate artificial respiration because this breathing frequency is too low. Indirect heart massage is not needed because there are heartbeats and massage might damage lungs. Turn the afflicted into a stabilized position because there is a risk of vomit aspiration. Initiate resuscitation. So called "gasping breaths" are typical of sudden cardiac arrest. Pulse palpation by layman is unreliable and is not used for large number of errors - the first aider can feel his own heartbeat.

49. During an unsuccessful landing a pilot flew through a window and cut his wrist so badly that the wound is heavily bleeding, blood squirts. 10 cm long piece of broken glass projects from the wound. The afflicted person is conscious, pale, complaining of pain in his right ankle which is evidently deformed. We'll call an ambulance and:

put the afflicted in a semi sitting position, pull out the sherd and apply compressing bandage. lay the afflicted down on his back with legs lifted, apply a tourniquet on his forearm tightening it gently. We do not pull out the piece of glass on principle. fix the leg, lay the afflicted in the anti shock position, lift the wounded hand up and if the bleeding doesn’t stop, apply a compressing bandage.

50. In practice, we can recognize the malfunction of blood stream (cardiac arrest) by the fact that:

we cannot feel the pulse at the carotid artery. the afflicted is unresponsive, does not breath or does only gasping breaths and does not move. we cannot feel the heart beating on the chest.