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Test - PL A

1. If the pilot weight increases the paraglider or powered paraglider speed:

decreases. increases. does not change.

2. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the speed and drag ratio. the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio. the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio.

3. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

significant rise of forces in steering lines. decrease of steering forces. sudden increase of descent rate.

4. What size and direction is the resultant aerodynamic force in a steady gliding flight?

It is oppositely oriented but smaller then gravity force and that is why the paraglider in steady air always descends. It is the same size and of the opposite direction as the gravityy force. It is equally oriented but smaller then gravity force and that is why the paraglider in steady air always descends.

5. A paraglider stall occures when:

the pilot breaks too much. the glider overcomes the pilot when taking off. the speed system is pushed too fast.

6. Induced drag:

arises as a result of air flow from the lower wing surface, around the wingtip, towards the upper wing surface due to a pressure difference. arises as a result of interference between flows around different parts of an aircraft. arises as a result of parasitic energy induced by air rfiction around an aircraft.

7. The angle of attack is:

the angle between the oncoming flow and the horizon line. the angle between the aerofoil’s chord and the oncoming flow. the angle between aerofoil’s chord and the horizon line.

8. Turbulent flow is:

the flow of air particles in the same direction. when the air particles are not moving. the flow of air particles in different directions.

9. During summer in Central Europe, in the central part of a significant anticyclone we expect:

mostly sunny, light wind, high temperatures duding a day, weakening thermics. clear skies, strong winds, cold at night, warm at daytime and strong thermics. inversion fog, variable wind, night thunderstorms and strong thermics during a day.

10. What thunder storms move forward the fastest?

Frontal storms. Orographic storms. Mass storms.

11. At a stable temperature stratification and strong wind which increases with height, behind a terrain obstacle occures a flow fenomenon called:

Turbulence. Vortex. Wave.

12. The lowest layer of the atmosphere is called:

stratosphere. troposphere. mesosphere.

13. The part of cyclone between the warm and cold fronts is called:

the ridge of higher pressure. the warm sector. the front line.

14. The most common wind direction in the valley caused by thermal effects is:

during the night towards the hill. during the day down the hill. during the day towards the hill.

15. In troposphere, at vertical rise of 100 m the pressure drop:

is the same in all altitudes. is higher in higher altitudes then in lower altitudes. is lower in higher altitudes then in lower altitudes.

16. The take off control includes:

the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments. the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space.

17. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake. the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning.

18. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse.

19. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy shoots forward and can collapse. the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse.

20. What does the term „spin” mean?

Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. Symmetric paragider stall. A spiral.

21. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall.

22. The globe is:

ideal sphere. a rotating ellipsoid flattened at the poles. a net of coordinate lines.

23. 045 degrees is direction:

north west. south west. north east.

24. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to locate and identify several landmarks. to focus on one landmark. to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft.

25. The earth axix is a line intersecting the center of the earth perpendicularly to the equator. The points where this line intersects the earth surface are called poles and they are:

the marine poles. the geological poles. the magnetic poles.

26. Time is reported:

in hours, minutes and seconds, so that a minute begins with 31. sec of a past minute and ends with 30. sec of actual minute. in degrees. in hours, minutes and seconds, so that a minute begins with 1. sec and ends with 60. sec.

27. Contour lines are curves connecting points of the same:

alitude. negative hight, so called dephtines. declination.

28. The reserve parachute is used so that:

By pulling the handle the reserve parachute is activated; the handle can be lost. Pull the rezerve parachute handle; when the needles are torn out, the reserve parachute opening system is activated. Pull the reserve parachute from the harness and throw it into a free space letting go the handle too.

29. If one side of canopy is stalled, the pilot should:

pull the second steering fully and then release both. hold down the already pulled steering and counter-steer the rotation by weight-shift. release the steering continuously.

30. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should step in the speed bar and make big ears. He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him. He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field.

31. The best when blown behind a ridge is: Při přefouknutí přes kopec je nejbezpečnější

to use a reserve parachute which is more stable in turbulences. to fly with the wind as far as possible to a possible emergency landing field. to do big ears which will help to fly through turbulences by increasing surface load of the wing.

32. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost. fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight.

33. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

after being blown behind a mountain ridge. under a Cumulonimbus cloud. in rapid uncontrolable rotation.

34. Conducting a paragliding training is only allowed to:

a competition pilot, a PG instructor and a PG instructor in training. a PG instructor and a PG instructor in training. a sport pilot and a PG instructor.

35. The minimum age of student for beginning of theoretical and practical paragliding training in the Czech Republic is:

16 years with the consent of his legal guardians. 15 years with the consent of his legal guardians. 14 years with the consent of his legal guardians.

36. In G class airspace there is:

a request of connection for flights above 150 m AGL. a request of permanent two way connection. no request of connection.

37. The information about CTR, TMA, LKR, LKP position is in:

official CAA map. ADAC map. valid AIP or ICAO map.

38. To recalculate a figure in meters into figure in feet we use the simplified formula:

(m : 10) x 3 (m x 3) + 10% (m x 3) : 10

39. From a sport aircraft (SLZ) it is forbidden:

to drop anything or spray, except under certain conditions. to spray. to drop things between sunrise and sunset.

40. Airport operations are:

all vehicles and persons operations on the aerodrome area. all traffic at the aerodrome area and all aircrafts flying in the vicinity of the airport. all flying aircrafts and aircrafts on the aerodrome operational area.

41. Initial examination includes:

finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C.

42. Risers are:

pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents.

43. Choose the true statement about a position of a serious injury afflicted:

If the afflicted is communicating he should always be placed into position on the side (the "stabilized" or "recovery" position). If the afflicted person actively takes some position, we do not prevent it. If the afflicted is unconscious, he should always be placed in "anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible to restore blood flow to the brain.

44. If it is obvious that the action of rescue helicopter is necessary, in the Czech Republic it is preferably needed to call number:

155 112 1210

45. The signal to the rescue helicopter from persons on the ground is done:

by standing with arms stretched sideways in A shape. by waving any object of bright color. by standing with arms up in Y shape.

46. During an unsuccessful landing a pilot flew through a window and cut his wrist so badly that the wound is heavily bleeding, blood squirts. 10 cm long piece of broken glass projects from the wound. The afflicted person is conscious, pale, complaining of pain in his right ankle which is evidently deformed. We'll call an ambulance and:

fix the leg, lay the afflicted in the anti shock position, lift the wounded hand up and if the bleeding doesn’t stop, apply a compressing bandage. put the afflicted in a semi sitting position, pull out the sherd and apply compressing bandage. lay the afflicted down on his back with legs lifted, apply a tourniquet on his forearm tightening it gently. We do not pull out the piece of glass on principle.

47. A foreign object (e.g. little stone, sherd or so):

is never to be removed - cover the wound with anything in it and soak the bandage with disinfection. is to be removed from a wound if it is possible without excessive violence (e.g. rinsing with water, gently pulling etc.). must be removed even if surrounding tissue is damaged and then the wound needs rinsing with disinfection.

48. In improvised conditions fracture fixing is:

a priority first aid objective. needed in exceptional cases if manipulation with the patient before professional medical services arrival is necessary. necessary in case of open fracture.

49. Improvised tourniquet is to be applied:

always about 10 - 15 cm above the wound. anywhere between the wound and heart. only at arm or thigh, between a wound and heart.

50. The helmet of the afflicted:

should be taken off by pulling in the long axis of the body with permanent fixation of the head and neck. must never be taken off. should be taken off only by gente tilting nad twisting.