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Test - PL A

1. Can we read the best glide ratio speed in front wind from the polar line?

No. Only for tail wind. Yes.

2. There are aerodynamic forces generated on a body in flow. They are called:

lift, mass and drag. lift and overpressure. the resultant aerodynamic force which is sum of lift and drag.

3. When a paraglider is in steady flight in an ideal environment (no wind) at a glide ratio 6, then it means that:

it will fly 1 km far from the altitude of 6 km. it will fly 6 km far from the altitude of 1 km. its velocity is 6 m/s.

4. Induced drag:

arises as a result of interference between flows around different parts of an aircraft. arises as a result of air flow from the lower wing surface, around the wingtip, towards the upper wing surface due to a pressure difference. arises as a result of parasitic energy induced by air rfiction around an aircraft.

5. The wing aspect ratio:

is a relationship between span squared and wing surface. is a relationship between chord length and air foil thickens. is a relationship between span and air foil thickness.

6. The glide ratio relative to ground:

is changing when flying in wind. is changing with weight changes. is not changing when flying in wind because the bearing area is still the same.

7. Lift is:

an area resistance given by the angle of attack. a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force. the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile.

8. The aircraft falls when:

the aircraft take off weight is higher then maximum allowed. the pilot makes too sharp turn. it gets over the critical angle of attack.

9. Hazardous phenomena associated with a I. kind cold front are usually:

strong gusty surface wind. Only low level clouds of stratiform types. Cb - cumulonimbus clouds at the head of the front hidden in low stratiform clouds, turbulence and icing.

10. What vertical temperature stratification is typical for advection fog?

Isothermy. Drop of temperature with altitude. Inversion.

11. Which of the layers of Earth's atmosphere is characterized by vertical movements?

Stratosphere. Tropopause. Troposphere.

12. The stratification of air in an inversion layer is:

stable. unstable. indifferent.

13. In the definition of standard atmosphere the pressure and temperature values at mean sea level are:

1013,25 hPa, 0°C 1015 hPa, +10°C 1013,25 hPa, +15°C

14. In the air mass without cloudiness, the air temperature at the surface is 15 ° C and 1000 m higher the temperature is 13 ° C. This layer of air is:

conditionally unstable. stable. unstable.

15. Air density:

decreases with decreasing air temperature. increases with increasing air temperature. increases with decreasing air temperature.

16. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air. Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier.

17. How many items is there in the pre start check?

Five. Seven. Three.

18. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

19. When entering a thermal current:

the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake. the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning.

20. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points.

21. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

22. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

A good map and navigation skills of the pilot. Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground. Experience of the pilot and his estimation.

23. Contour lines are curves connecting points of the same:

declination. alitude. negative hight, so called dephtines.

24. Comparative navigation involves:

comparing the calculated times with the reality. comparing terrain with a map and vice versa. comparison of data of navigation devices (GPS) with a map.

25. Time of sunrise and sunset varies:

influenced by the magnetic field of the Earth. depending on the intensity of sunlight. with annual periods.

26. Geographic coordinates indicate:

time zone position. certain place name. certain geographical location.

27. 10 cm in map with 1 : 200 000 scale refers of real distance:

50 km 20 km 200 km

28. For emergency landing You would prefer:

buildings. water. trees.

29. After a tall tree landing:

you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed. you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK. you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.)

30. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull the steering fully. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground. to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground.

31. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes. a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers. a life jacket and a flare.

32. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway. I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines. I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing.

33. If one side of canopy is stalled, the pilot should:

pull the second steering fully and then release both. release the steering continuously. hold down the already pulled steering and counter-steer the rotation by weight-shift.

34. The pilot of the aircraft not equipped with a radio intending to arrive or leave an uncontrolled airport should:

coordinate in advance their arrival or departure with the AFIS unit or the aerodrome operator. observe, for the departure or arrival, the avoidance rules. coordinate in advance their arrival or departure with the airfield owner.

35. From a sport aircraft (SLZ) it is forbidden:

to drop anything or spray, except under certain conditions. to drop things between sunrise and sunset. to spray.

36. The prohibited airspace (LKP):

can be entered only on the G class airspace level and at the indicated air speed lower then 460 km/h. can be entered but cannot be left. cannot be entered axcept with a special authorization of a competent authority.

37. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

ZL - 3 PL - 2 ZL - 1

38. The minimum allowed flight visibility in class E airspace is:

1,5 km 8 km 5 km

39. The upper limit of LKP airspace is:

in FL 125. in various altitudes (see AIP or valid ICAO map). in 1500 m AMSL.

40. If two aircrafts are flying on lines facing each other or approximately such, each of them should give way by changing its course to the:

right. left. side which is more suitable for avoiding a crash.

41. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

42. Risers are:

pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents.

43. For the quality of resuscitation, the most crucial is:

timely starting and continuity of compressions. the deepest compressions. the highest possible frequency of compressions.

44. The first aid basics of wounds and abrasions treatment are:

Covering; in improvised conditions we never clean the wound and do not remove any foreign object from it. Desinfecting the wound (in emergency using even concentrated alcohol), removing any foreign objects, covering. Removing any foreign objects by rinsing, disinfecting the wound area and covering bandage.

45. During ridge soaring after a collapse about 10 meters above ground a pilot landed hard on his left side; He is obviously shaken, however gets up, then collapses, is pale, reports pain in his hip, shakes, he wants to sleep, a little confused, but strictly refuses an offered call for an ambulance. The procedure will be:

We lay him in the anti-shock position with his feet up, cover him and call an ambulance. We are trying to calm him down, keep him in a position which is the most comfortable for him, cover him and call the emergency services. We lay him in shade into semi sitting position and check him occasionally during flying. If his condition gets worse, we call help.

46. Fractures of upper limbs are preferably fixed by:

using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). hanging in a triangular bandage. tightening to the body in extended position.

47. The most essential first aid actions that can be performed in the event of serious accident are:

gentle transportation to the place of professional help. fixing the bone fractures, treatment of wounds and abrasions. to stop heavy bleeding, clearing the airway and fight against heat loss.

48. During an improvised transport of an afflicted:

the limbs should be stretched along the long axis of body. the head should be placed so that it could move in response to terrain unevenness. the specific position is not a question but the fact that the afflicted is fixed and the position does not change suddenly.

49. Choose the true statement about a position of a serious injury afflicted:

If the afflicted is communicating he should always be placed into position on the side (the "stabilized" or "recovery" position). If the afflicted is unconscious, he should always be placed in "anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible to restore blood flow to the brain. If the afflicted person actively takes some position, we do not prevent it.

50. Unless prevented by special circumstances, the best for the accident afflicted is:

the "Anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible„ a position on the side („stabilized” or „recovery” position). a position that the afflicted person wants to take.