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Test - PL A

1. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

decrease of steering forces. significant rise of forces in steering lines. sudden increase of descent rate.

2. The angle of attack is:

the angle between the oncoming flow and the horizon line. the angle between the aerofoil’s chord and the oncoming flow. the angle between aerofoil’s chord and the horizon line.

3. When air flow is laminar:

there is a relative mix of streamlines. there is no relative mix of streamlines. there is a relative mix of streamlines but at the end of given aerofoil there are no significant eddies in the flow.

4. Where on the aerofoil the flow separation starts?

In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the trailing edge end. In the wake on the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end.

5. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

the gravity force and resultant aerodynamic force. the drag and the gravity force. the weight of the aircraft and lift.

6. The chord is:

the straight line dividing the aerofoil in the middle of its thickness into two equal parts. the imaginary straight line joining the leading and trailing edges of the aerofoil. the curve that is halfway between the upper and lower surfaces of the aerofoil.

7. The lift acts:

always upwards from the aerofoil. always perpendicularly to the direction of flow attacking the aerofoil. always perpendicularly to the chord.

8. At minimum speed:

the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the farthest. the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the longest. the paraglider or powered paraglider is close to stall.

9. What are the other two conditions, besides forces causing air lift, necessary for the creation of a thunderstorm?

Unstable conditions and high air humidity. Unstable conditions and low air pressure. Stable conditions and high air pressure.

10. Among high level clouds are:

Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus Cc – cirrocumulus, Cs – cirrostratus St – stratus, Sc – stratocumulus

11. Which of the following cloud types are a sign of unstable air mass?

Sc, Ns Cu, Cb St, Cs

12. In the area of low pressure in the northern hemisphere the wind close to the ground is blowing:

clockwise. strait into the middle of the low pressure in the whole area. counter clockwise.

13. What vertical temperature stratification is typical for advection fog?

Drop of temperature with altitude. Isothermy. Inversion.

14. The air mass is called unstable if there are:

stratified clouds in it. convective vertical motions in it. inversions in it.

15. Half of the weight of the earth's atmosphere is located in the bottom:

8 km 3 km 5 km

16. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air. Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier.

17. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

increased. decreased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases.

18. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points.

19. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, full-stall and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, spin and B-stall.

20. Spiral is performed by:

pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side. a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning.

21. How many items is there in the pre start check?

Three. Seven. Five.

22. The difference between UTC and Central European Summer Time (CEST) time is:

2 hours. 1 hour. There is no difference.

23. 045 degrees is direction:

north east. north west. south west.

24. Geographic coordinates indicate:

time zone position. certain place name. certain geographical location.

25. Contour lines are curves connecting points of the same:

alitude. declination. negative hight, so called dephtines.

26. Sooner then in Prague, the sun rises in:

Paris. Moscow. London.

27. Geographical meridian is:

a circle around the globe. a half of meridian circle. a segment of a circle whose plane is perpendicular to the earth's axis.

28. If I stall the glider:

I release the steering continuously. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I release the steering quickly. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I hold the steering down firmly.

29. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers. turning only in the side where the steering line is OK. steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute.

30. After a tall tree landing:

you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed. you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK. you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.)

31. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind. to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud. to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it.

32. Before a landing into still water it is necessary:

to jump out of the harness about 3 to 5 m above the water surface. to undo the harness buckles so it was possible to leave it at the moment of contact with water. to turn the glider against the wind.

33. For emergency landing a pilot would rather choose:

a lonely tree. a forest road. dense forest.

34. The dangerous airspace (LKD) is is an area where flying is:

restricted. dangerous. prohibited.

35. When two light aircrafts are flying on intersecting tracks in free space, the right of way is of the light aircraft flying:

against the sun. from the right. from the left.

36. The upper limit of LKP airspace is:

in FL 125. in 1500 m AMSL. in various altitudes (see AIP or valid ICAO map).

37. The aircraft must not fly at such a distance from other aircraft that would:

restrict the other aircraft. be less then 150m. create a collision hazard.

38. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

ZL - 3 PL - 2 ZL - 1

39. Pilots must have the documents required for flying a light aircraft:

with them at flights outside the airport. with them at every flight. with them at cross country flights.

40. The pilot of the aircraft not equipped with a radio intending to arrive or leave an uncontrolled airport should:

coordinate in advance their arrival or departure with the airfield owner. coordinate in advance their arrival or departure with the AFIS unit or the aerodrome operator. observe, for the departure or arrival, the avoidance rules.

41. Initial examination includes:

fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. sun and wrong packing. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

43. Choose the true statement about using the thermal („space”) blanket:

This blanket can be also used as a tourniquet or improvised bandage. The side doesn’t matter, the important is to wrap it tightly all around the patient. The foil is a very good thermal isolation but does not protect against moisture - it can leak in strong rain.

44. A layperson without special training is performing resuscitation:

by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 15:2. by chest compressions only. by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 30:2.

45. The best way of use of the „anti-shock” foil (thermal blanket) is:

The afflicted is carefully covered with it. The afflicted is tightly wraped into it including head, only face is uncovered. It is laid under the afflicted.

46. Fractures of upper limbs are preferably fixed by:

tightening to the body in extended position. using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). hanging in a triangular bandage.

47. For the quality of resuscitation, the most crucial is:

the highest possible frequency of compressions. the deepest compressions. timely starting and continuity of compressions.

48. Choose the true statement about improvised transport:

The priority of an improvised transport is speed. The most important is that the afflicted stays in a slightly inclined position with head down during the whole transport. Unless it is necessary the patient should not be transported before the arrival of professional assistance.

49. If the unconscious afflicted is not breathing:

First we try to free the airway. We promptly transport him to the professional medical service. We start the resuscitation immediately.

50. If the arrival of a rescue helicopter is expected, rescuers on the ground should stand so that:

they were evenly distributed around the expected landing site and they could prevent potential arrival of other persons. they were in the best possible place for a landing; just before touchdown they move in front of the helicopter. they were always in the visual field of the helicopter pilot.