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Test - PL A

1. On which part of the glider canopy is the largest lift, seen from the front?

The lift is evenly distributed. In the middle of the glider. At the side parts of the glider.

2. Where on the aerofoil the flow separation starts?

In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the wake on the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the trailing edge end.

3. The angle of attack is:

the angle between the aerofoil’s chord and the oncoming flow. the angle between aerofoil’s chord and the horizon line. the angle between the oncoming flow and the horizon line.

4. The main cause of the stall is always:

decreasing the flight speed under the minimum forward ground speed in a steady flight. the start of transition of laminar flow into turbulent flow on the surface of the glider. exceeding the critical angle of attack.

5. In the moment of flying in a sinking currant the angle of attack:

increases. does not change. decreases.

6. If the pilot weight increases the paraglider or powered paraglider speed:

decreases. increases. does not change.

7. The total weight of a pilot with all equipment is 100 kg and the area of the glider is 25 m2. The surface load of the paraglider is:

0.4 kg/m3 4 kg/m3 0.25 kg/m3

8. Larger part of lift is generated:

above 2/3 of the aerofoil, around 55%. below the aerofoil, around 2/3. above the aerofoil, around 2/3.

9. The low pressure system - Cyclone - is the area:

of low atmospheric pressure with the minimum value on its bordes. of low atmospheric pressure with the minimum value in its middle. where the atmospheric pressure is decreasing outwards.

10. Humidity means:

precipitation fall snowing the amount of water vapor in the air

11. We talk about stable air mass if following applies:

There are favorable conditions for ascending currents formation. There are unfavorable conditions for ascending currents formation. There is convection forming in the air.

12. Frontal fog forms usually on:

worm fronts. stationary fronts. II. type cold fronts.

13. When I. kind cold front passes, the precipitation zone is:

at the front line. before the front line. after the front line.

14. What do we mean by the term "clear thermic"?

Strong gusty wind in a coud free environment. An ascending thermal current not topped by a cumulus cloud. Turbulence associated with a windshear.

15. The most common wind direction in the valley caused by thermal effects is:

during the night towards the hill. during the day towards the hill. during the day down the hill.

16. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight.

17. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy shoots forward and can collapse.

18. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, full-stall and B-stall. spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall.

19. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air. Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier.

20. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. at the top of the mountain.

21. The take off control includes:

the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments.

22. 045 degrees is direction:

south west. north east. north west.

23. Geographical meridian is:

a half of meridian circle. a circle around the globe. a segment of a circle whose plane is perpendicular to the earth's axis.

24. 10 cm in map with 1 : 200 000 scale refers of real distance:

20 km 200 km 50 km

25. Time is reported:

in hours, minutes and seconds, so that a minute begins with 31. sec of a past minute and ends with 30. sec of actual minute. in degrees. in hours, minutes and seconds, so that a minute begins with 1. sec and ends with 60. sec.

26. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft. to locate and identify several landmarks. to focus on one landmark.

27. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

with the wind. perpendicularly to the wind from left. against the wind.

28. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position. in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway. in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident.

29. If I stall the glider:

I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I release the steering quickly. I release the steering continuously. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I hold the steering down firmly.

30. For emergency landing You would prefer:

trees. water. buildings.

31. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

in rapid uncontrolable rotation. after being blown behind a mountain ridge. under a Cumulonimbus cloud.

32. After a tall tree landing:

you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed. you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK. you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.)

33. You miscounted the landing approach and need to shorten it. You are 30 m above the ground:

By pulling tips of the wing via the right lines you can reduce the effective surface of the wing and glide under a better angle to the ground. By flying in figure eight or S turns you loose hight before the final glide. In such altitude is best to make a 360 turn.

34. From a sport aircraft (SLZ) it is forbidden:

to spray. to drop anything or spray, except under certain conditions. to drop things between sunrise and sunset.

35. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

PL - 2 ZL - 1 ZL - 3

36. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace with a permanent information service. a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations. a segregated airspace with air traffic control service.

37. The minimum age of student for beginning of theoretical and practical paragliding training in the Czech Republic is:

16 years with the consent of his legal guardians. 14 years with the consent of his legal guardians. 15 years with the consent of his legal guardians.

38. Except for takeoff or landing or except by permission issued by the Authority a VFR flight must be conducted above the ground or water at a height of not less than:

150 m 150 m except for ridge soaring. 300 m

39. The upper limit of LKP airspace is:

in various altitudes (see AIP or valid ICAO map). in 1500 m AMSL. in FL 125.

40. Airport operations are:

all traffic at the aerodrome area and all aircrafts flying in the vicinity of the airport. all vehicles and persons operations on the aerodrome area. all flying aircrafts and aircrafts on the aerodrome operational area.

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing.

42. Risers are:

up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness.

43. A layperson without special training is performing resuscitation:

by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 30:2. by chest compressions only. by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 15:2.

44. If the unconscious afflicted is not breathing:

We start the resuscitation immediately. First we try to free the airway. We promptly transport him to the professional medical service.

45. Chest compression during resuscitation is performed:

in the middle of chest bone. by the lower end of chest bone. next to left nipple.

46. "Secondary examination" of an injury afflicted means:

an examination by another independent person to verify the initial conclusions. the second (and next) control examination to determine if there is a deterioration in the status. an inspection of afflicted "head to toe" in order to uncover any injury changes on body.

47. Unless prevented by special circumstances, the best for the accident afflicted is:

a position that the afflicted person wants to take. a position on the side („stabilized” or „recovery” position). the "Anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible„

48. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too). hanging in a triangular bandage. using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.).

49. The A-B-C protocol in initial examination stands for:

1. open the Airway with a head tilt, 2. start the artificial respiration = Breathing, 3. start the chest Compressions. Anamnesis, Breathing,Chest injury check. 1. check the Airway, 2. check the Breathing and 3. restore the Circulation (using Compressions).

50. Choose the true statement about the obligation to provide first aid:

The obligation to provide first aid is only moral and it is not legally enforceable. If there is serious injury, everybody is obliged to provide first aid; this assistance must not endanger the life or health of the firstaider. Everyone who witnesses an accident is obliged to provide first aid, regardless of the severity of injury and danger.