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Test - PL A

1. Where on the aerofoil the flow separation starts?

In the wake on the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the trailing edge end.

2. The induced drag can be reduced by:

the air foil thickness and special the wing arrow and air foil thickness. aspect ratio and favorable wing tip shape.

3. When the surface load changes the glide ratio:

changes because the relation between lift and drag does not change. changes because effective bearing area is the same. does not change because the relation between lift coefficient and drag coefficient does not change.

4. Which of the following pilot inputs increases the angle of attack?

Pushing the speed system. Releasing the steering. Pulling the steering.

5. When an aircraft is flying with such an angle of attack that its gliding ratio is ', it means that:

it will fly 10 km far from altitude 1 km in no wind. it is flying under an angle 10° towards the ground. it will fly 1 km in 10 s.

6. If the angle of attack increases, the forward speed:

increases. decreases. stays the same.

7. The dynamic stability of a paraglider means:

that it is easy to steer, especially in aerobatics. that if unbalanced it is not completely returning into steady flight. that if unbalanced it returns into steady flight.

8. The lift coefficient is influenced the most by:

the air foil thickness. the speed of flow. the air foil curving.

9. Dangerous storm phenomena are:

strong updrafts with maximums in the upper half of CB cloud, stong turbulence, strong downdrafts with maximums near the CB cloudbase, frosts, electric characteristics of the Cb cloud. the density of the Cb cloud which consists of liquid and solid state of water. strong updrafts and hight of the Cb could.

10. The lowest layer of the atmosphere is called:

troposphere. stratosphere. mesosphere.

11. Isobars are lines on surface weather maps that connect points:

of the same pressure recalculated to the sea level. of the same temperature recalculated to the sea level. of the same humidity.

12. Near ground storm demonstrations which are dangerous for air traffic are:

Microbursts before the head of the storm, strong updraft currents in front of the microburst, strong downdraft currents after the microburst in the precipitation area and wind gusts. Persistent rainfall. Drop of cloud base, visibility reducing.

13. What temperature stratification is favorable for the occurence of vertical motions in the troposphere?

instable indifferent stable

14. Unsaturated adiabatic curve is showing the change in temperature with height of value:

0,65 °C / 100 m of hight. 1,00 °C / 100 m of hight. 0,60 °C / 100 m of hight.

15. Which of the listed fog types is usually dissolved by increasing surface wind speed?

Frontal fog. Radiation fog. Advection fog.

16. What does the term „spin” mean?

Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. Symmetric paragider stall. A spiral.

17. Spiral is performed by:

a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side.

18. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points.

19. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

decreased. increased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases.

20. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier. Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air.

21. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

22. Direction south is reported by:

180° 360° 090°

23. Course is measured in degrees from north:

clockwise to the east and counterclockwise to the west. clockwise. counterclockwise.

24. The horizontal velocity is given:

in feet. in km/h, MPH or knots (kts). in knots.

25. The difference between UTC and Central European (CET) time is:

There is no difference. 1 hour. 2 hours.

26. Magnetic north is a direction given by:

measurements on a map. the compass needle free of any interferences. the theoretical line intersecting the earth center and the surface of the earth in points called magnetic north and magnetic south.

27. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

with the wind. against the wind. perpendicularly to the wind from left.

28. For emergency landing You would prefer:

buildings. trees. water.

29. After a tall tree landing:

you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK. you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed. you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.)

30. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing. I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines. I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway.

31. Your last choice for emergency landing would always be:

a parking. water surface. electric wires.

32. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field. He should step in the speed bar and make big ears. He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him.

33. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud. to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind. to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it.

34. The prohibited airspace (LKP):

can be entered but cannot be left. cannot be entered axcept with a special authorization of a competent authority. can be entered only on the G class airspace level and at the indicated air speed lower then 460 km/h.

35. The upper limit of LKP airspace is:

in 1500 m AMSL. in various altitudes (see AIP or valid ICAO map). in FL 125.

36. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace with air traffic control service. a segregated airspace with a permanent information service. a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations.

37. The AGL abbreviation by a height data in the airspace map means:

the hight above the see level. the hight according the local atmospheric pressure. the hight above the ground level.

38. Two of the same category aircrafts are flying in one track against each other. Na vstřícné trati letí letadla stejné kategorie. Actions of avoidance are:

Both aircrafts will change their curse to the right. You will turn to the right, the other aircraft will turn to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the left.

39. The upper limit of class E airspace is:

FL 125 (3800 m) FL 85 (2600 m) FL 95 (2900 m)

40. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

PL - 2 ZL - 1 ZL - 3

41. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

42. Risers are:

the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early.

43. The helmet of the afflicted:

must never be taken off. should be taken off only by gente tilting nad twisting. should be taken off by pulling in the long axis of the body with permanent fixation of the head and neck.

44. Choose the true statement about using the thermal („space”) blanket:

The foil is a very good thermal isolation but does not protect against moisture - it can leak in strong rain. This blanket can be also used as a tourniquet or improvised bandage. The side doesn’t matter, the important is to wrap it tightly all around the patient.

45. Chest compression during resuscitation is performed:

in the middle of chest bone. by the lower end of chest bone. next to left nipple.

46. Unless prevented by special circumstances, the best for the accident afflicted is:

a position on the side („stabilized” or „recovery” position). the "Anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible„ a position that the afflicted person wants to take.

47. Resuscitation (animation) is needed to be performed if the afflicted:

is unresponsive, not moving, regardless of the state of breathing (a layperson is not able to reliably judge the respiratory status). is unresponsive, not moving and not breathing, or only "gasping" breaths are seen. is unresponsive and there is no pulse on carotid artery (the breathing state is not important).

48. In practice, we can recognize the malfunction of blood stream (cardiac arrest) by the fact that:

we cannot feel the pulse at the carotid artery. the afflicted is unresponsive, does not breath or does only gasping breaths and does not move. we cannot feel the heart beating on the chest.

49. Choose the true statement about tactics when you are a witness of a severe injury:

Before calling an emergency service it is appropriate to make at least indicative examination where the accident happened, what happened and how many affected there are. First, you need to restore vital functions as quickly as possible, and only then deal with calling for help. If we witness an accident, we call emergency service after a thorough examination, to make sure that the situation is really serious.

50. A foreign object (e.g. little stone, sherd or so):

is to be removed from a wound if it is possible without excessive violence (e.g. rinsing with water, gently pulling etc.). is never to be removed - cover the wound with anything in it and soak the bandage with disinfection. must be removed even if surrounding tissue is damaged and then the wound needs rinsing with disinfection.