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Test - PL A

1. Where on the aerofoil the flow separation starts?

In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the trailing edge end. In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the wake on the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end.

2. The aerodynamic drag is a sum of:

parasitic drag, form drag, interference drag and rolling drag. parasitic drag and supportive drag. form drag, friction drag, induced drag and interference drag.

3. The induced drag can be reduced by:

the air foil thickness and special the wing arrow and air foil thickness. aspect ratio and favorable wing tip shape.

4. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

5. The separation of streamlines is when:

turbulent flow around the upper surface of the wing switches to laminar flow. the streamlines leave the aerofoil after copying its shape. the airflow becomes detached from the surface of the aerofoil.

6. How the speed system works?

It decreases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. Sometimes it deforms the aerofoil shape. It increases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. It decreases the angle of attack by releasing the rear risers.

7. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

gravity force and lift plus drag. lift and drag. thrust and weight, drag and lift.

8. The resultant aerodynamic force consists of:

lift and weight. lift and drag. lift coefficient and weight.

9. A passing cold front with active storm manifestations is reflected by:

temperature decrease, strong athmopheric pressure decrease followed by its increase, strong wind speed increase with gusts. a temperature decrease later followed by its increase, no change in athmospheric pressure, wind fading. no change in temperature, slight pressure decrease and slight wind speed decrease without gusts.

10. During summer in Central Europe, in the central part of a significant anticyclone we expect:

mostly sunny, light wind, high temperatures duding a day, weakening thermics. inversion fog, variable wind, night thunderstorms and strong thermics during a day. clear skies, strong winds, cold at night, warm at daytime and strong thermics.

11. Precipitation zone of a warm front is:

mostly right after the front line and it is showers. before the front line and it is persistent rainfall. at the front line and it is short rainfall.

12. What vertical temperature stratification is typical for advection fog?

Drop of temperature with altitude. Inversion. Isothermy.

13. What type of precipitation can be expected on an active cold front?

Showers and thunderstorms. Drizzle. Light persistent rain.

14. In the northern hemisphere by proceeding vertically from the ground, the wind direction is somewhat different from the direction measured at the ground and it turns:

right. It doesn’t turn. left.

15. At a stable temperature stratification and strong wind which increases with height, behind a terrain obstacle occures a flow fenomenon called:

Wave. Vortex. Turbulence.

16. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points.

17. I increase the flight speed by:

pulling the trimmers. depressing the speed system. pulling a bit of steering.

18. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall.

19. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight.

20. B-stall is performed by:

by gradual pulling the first row risers. by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers.

21. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. at the top of the mountain.

22. The globe is:

ideal sphere. a net of coordinate lines. a rotating ellipsoid flattened at the poles.

23. The prime meridian is:

the meridian, at which the latitude and longitude equal 0. meridian, also called the base meridian, passing through Greenwich Observatory in England. a meridian not passing through observatory in Greenwich, but only a small circle.

24. Geographical North and South:

change location depending on annual periods. are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism. do not change location.

25. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

topographic situation. topographic area. map projections.

26. Geographic coordinates indicate:

certain place name. time zone position. certain geographical location.

27. Magnetic north is a direction given by:

measurements on a map. the theoretical line intersecting the earth center and the surface of the earth in points called magnetic north and magnetic south. the compass needle free of any interferences.

28. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull the steering fully. to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground.

29. The reserve parachute is used so that:

Pull the rezerve parachute handle; when the needles are torn out, the reserve parachute opening system is activated. Pull the reserve parachute from the harness and throw it into a free space letting go the handle too. By pulling the handle the reserve parachute is activated; the handle can be lost.

30. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

after being blown behind a mountain ridge. in rapid uncontrolable rotation. under a Cumulonimbus cloud.

31. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position. in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway. in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident.

32. For emergency landing You would prefer:

trees. water. buildings.

33. When flying on speed system:

The paraglider will increase its speed and it will be more stabile thanks to better flow. The paraglider is prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and will be more prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses.

34. Two of the same category aircrafts are flying in one track against each other. Na vstřícné trati letí letadla stejné kategorie. Actions of avoidance are:

Both aircrafts will change their curse to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the right. You will turn to the right, the other aircraft will turn to the left.

35. The period of validity of the medical certificate on health ability for Czech pilots is:

24 months for persons between 35 and 60 years of age. 12 months for persons above 60 years of age. 36 months for persons between 30 and 60 years of age.

36. The aircraft must not fly at such a distance from other aircraft that would:

create a collision hazard. be less then 150m. restrict the other aircraft.

37. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

PL - 2 ZL - 1 ZL - 3

38. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations. a segregated airspace with a permanent information service. a segregated airspace with air traffic control service.

39. When two light aircrafts are flying on intersecting tracks in free space, the right of way is of the light aircraft flying:

from the left. against the sun. from the right.

40. The pilot (aircraft commander) is in competence to:

to obey an operator's decision on the execution of a flight. The pilot has no right to decide on the execution of a flight. to decide definitively on the execution of a flight.

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion.

42. Initial examination includes:

fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

43. During an improvised transport of an afflicted:

the head should be placed so that it could move in response to terrain unevenness. the limbs should be stretched along the long axis of body. the specific position is not a question but the fact that the afflicted is fixed and the position does not change suddenly.

44. A foreign object (e.g. little stone, sherd or so):

is never to be removed - cover the wound with anything in it and soak the bandage with disinfection. must be removed even if surrounding tissue is damaged and then the wound needs rinsing with disinfection. is to be removed from a wound if it is possible without excessive violence (e.g. rinsing with water, gently pulling etc.).

45. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds. are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease. should be used for taking care of any injury.

46. To prevent heat loss the most effective is:

To cover dressed afflicted gently with an "anti-shock" foil. To wrap undressed afflicted tightly in an "anti-shock" foil. To wrap dressed afflicted tightly in an "anti-shock" foil.

47. During ridge soaring after a collapse about 10 meters above ground a pilot landed hard on his left side; He is obviously shaken, however gets up, then collapses, is pale, reports pain in his hip, shakes, he wants to sleep, a little confused, but strictly refuses an offered call for an ambulance. The procedure will be:

We are trying to calm him down, keep him in a position which is the most comfortable for him, cover him and call the emergency services. We lay him in the anti-shock position with his feet up, cover him and call an ambulance. We lay him in shade into semi sitting position and check him occasionally during flying. If his condition gets worse, we call help.

48. A layperson without special training is performing resuscitation:

by chest compressions only. by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 30:2. by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 15:2.

49. The helmet of the afflicted:

should be taken off by pulling in the long axis of the body with permanent fixation of the head and neck. should be taken off only by gente tilting nad twisting. must never be taken off.

50. In improvised conditions fracture fixing is:

needed in exceptional cases if manipulation with the patient before professional medical services arrival is necessary. a priority first aid objective. necessary in case of open fracture.