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Test - PL A

1. Larger part of lift is generated:

above the aerofoil, around 2/3. below the aerofoil, around 2/3. above 2/3 of the aerofoil, around 55%.

2. At minimum speed:

the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the longest. the paraglider or powered paraglider is close to stall. the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the farthest.

3. When the surface load changes the glide ratio:

changes because effective bearing area is the same. does not change because the relation between lift coefficient and drag coefficient does not change. changes because the relation between lift and drag does not change.

4. Induced drag:

arises as a result of air flow from the lower wing surface, around the wingtip, towards the upper wing surface due to a pressure difference. arises as a result of interference between flows around different parts of an aircraft. arises as a result of parasitic energy induced by air rfiction around an aircraft.

5. When air flow is laminar:

there is a relative mix of streamlines but at the end of given aerofoil there are no significant eddies in the flow. there is no relative mix of streamlines. there is a relative mix of streamlines.

6. The wing aspect ratio:

is a relationship between span squared and wing surface. is a relationship between span and air foil thickness. is a relationship between chord length and air foil thickens.

7. Lift is:

a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force. an area resistance given by the angle of attack. the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile.

8. How the speed system works?

It decreases the angle of attack by releasing the rear risers. It decreases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. Sometimes it deforms the aerofoil shape. It increases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers.

9. How is relative humidity of air affected by changes in the quantity of water vapor contained in it?

It is affected only by temperature. It is not affected by water vapour amount changes. It increases with increasing amounts of water vapor.

10. What do we mean by the term "clear thermic"?

Strong gusty wind in a coud free environment. An ascending thermal current not topped by a cumulus cloud. Turbulence associated with a windshear.

11. On the northern hemisphere, the height of the troposphere, depending on latitude:

decreases from south to north. is the same during the whole year. increases from south to north.

12. What are the other two conditions, besides forces causing air lift, necessary for the creation of a thunderstorm?

Unstable conditions and low air pressure. Unstable conditions and high air humidity. Stable conditions and high air pressure.

13. The high pressure - anticyclone - is the area of:

high atmospheric pressure with the highest value in its middle. high atmospheric pressure with the highest value on its border. high atmospheric pressure rising in particular direction.

14. With increasing altitude the wind speed usually:

increases. decreases. increases in the summer and decreases in the winter.

15. In what part of a day is the highest probability of mass storm occurrence in Middle Europe?

Noon, afternoon. Late morning. Around midnight.

16. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and can collapse.

17. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight.

18. What does the term „spin” mean?

A spiral. Symmetric paragider stall. Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall.

19. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. at the top of the mountain.

20. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse.

21. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. decreased. increased.

22. Magnetic course is measured:

from prime meridian. from bearing indicator. from geographical north of local meridian.

23. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground. A good map and navigation skills of the pilot. Experience of the pilot and his estimation.

24. 10 cm in map with 1 : 200 000 scale refers of real distance:

200 km 20 km 50 km

25. The location of geographical and magnetic poles is:

identical. The magnetic pole is always to the east from the geographical pole. not identical.

26. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

against the wind. with the wind. perpendicularly to the wind from left.

27. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft. to locate and identify several landmarks. to focus on one landmark.

28. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute. turning only in the side where the steering line is OK. steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers.

29. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing. I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines. I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway.

30. For emergency landing You would prefer:

trees. buildings. water.

31. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft. to execute a descending maneuvre. using the reserve parachute.

32. After a tall tree landing:

you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.) you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK. you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed.

33. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight. fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost.

34. Two of the same category aircrafts are flying in one track against each other. Na vstřícné trati letí letadla stejné kategorie. Actions of avoidance are:

You will turn to the right, the other aircraft will turn to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the right.

35. The aircraft must not fly at such a distance from other aircraft that would:

be less then 150m. restrict the other aircraft. create a collision hazard.

36. Verifying whether a paraglider technical certificate is valid is a duty of:

the aircraft commander (pilot). the head of air traffic. the operator.

37. What is it CTR?

Control zone of an airport. Terminal controlled area. An air space where VFR flights are forbidden.

38. An overtaking plane is that which approaches the overtaken aircraft from behind on a line forming with a plane of symmetry of the overtaken aircraft angle of less than:

70 degrees. 60 degrees. 80 degrees.

39. Who is authorized to check a pilot's license or student document?

Paragliding operations inspector of LAA CR, Czech Police, Czech CAA inspector, a person authorized by an airport or property owner. Paragliding operations inspector of LAA CR, person authorized of Ministry of Transport, Czech Police or local municipal authority personnel. Paragliding operations inspector and Paragliding technical inspector of LAA CR, a person authorized by the Ministry of Transport or the CAA of the CR, Czech Police.

40. The paraglider canopy is damaged mostly by:

UV rays, mechanical abrasion and humidity. storage in dark and dry rooms. mice and other wild rodents.

41. Initial examination includes:

finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C.

42. Risers are:

pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents.

43. When stopping bleeding by tourniquet, the principle is:

„The tourniquet must not hurt.“ „If using tourniquet, then properly.“ „The tourniquet must hurt.“

44. Clearing the airway of unconscious patient is done primarily using:

forward head tilt. stabilised position. backward head tilt.

45. Resuscitation without artificial respiration is performed:

by chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute; instead of artificial breath there is a break after every 30 compressions for 5 seconds. by continuous chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute. by chest compression at rate of about 60 times per minute so that resultant minute rate would be the same as there was also the artificial respiration.

46. The most essential first aid actions that can be performed in the event of serious accident are:

to stop heavy bleeding, clearing the airway and fight against heat loss. gentle transportation to the place of professional help. fixing the bone fractures, treatment of wounds and abrasions.

47. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too). hanging in a triangular bandage.

48. If the arrival of a rescue helicopter is expected, rescuers on the ground should stand so that:

they were in the best possible place for a landing; just before touchdown they move in front of the helicopter. they were always in the visual field of the helicopter pilot. they were evenly distributed around the expected landing site and they could prevent potential arrival of other persons.

49. Choose the true statement about a position of an unconscious afflicted:

The unconscious afflicted must not be moved to eliminate the risk of further spine and spinal cord damage. If the afflicted is reliably breathing in the current position, we leave him in this position. The unconscious injury afflicted should always be placed on his back with his head tilted back.

50. During an improvised transport of an unconscious afflicted:

special attention should be payed to caution and head fixation. the process should be as fast as possible. caution is not important because the unconscious afflicted doesn’t feel pain anyway.