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Test - PL A

1. On the bottom side of the wing in flight there is:

no pressure. negative pressure. overpressure.

2. The optimal gliding ratio can be flown:

with critical angle of attack. with two different angles of attack. with just one angle of attack.

3. How the speed system works?

It increases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. It decreases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. Sometimes it deforms the aerofoil shape. It decreases the angle of attack by releasing the rear risers.

4. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the speed and drag ratio. the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio. the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio.

5. The aircraft falls when:

the pilot makes too sharp turn. the aircraft take off weight is higher then maximum allowed. it gets over the critical angle of attack.

6. If the pilot weight increases the paraglider or powered paraglider speed:

does not change. decreases. increases.

7. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

8. Glide ratio is influenced only by:

the velocity of flow. total weight. the angle of attack (i.e. lift and drag coefficients).

9. Which types of clouds are typical for a warm front cloud system:

Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus, Cb – cumulonimbus Sc – stratocumulus, Ac – altocumulus, Cc – cirocumulus Ns – nimbostratus, As – altostratus, Cs – cirostratus

10. Convective activity in the mid-latitudes is the greatest:

in winter at midday. at noon. in summer at midday.

11. Which of the following cloud types may reach up into the stratosphere?

Cirrostratus Cumulus Cumulonimbus

12. Which basic parameters and phenomena determine the weather inside air masses?

Temperature, humidity, vertical temperature gradient. Precipitations and visibility. Pressure, clouds and air density.

13. Hazardous phenomena associated with a I. kind cold front are usually:

Only low level clouds of stratiform types. Cb - cumulonimbus clouds at the head of the front hidden in low stratiform clouds, turbulence and icing. strong gusty surface wind.

14. Which of the phenomena occurring on the II. kind cold front are particularly dangerous for low-flying aircraft?

Strong turbulence limited to the narrow space of vortex - the microburst, with axis approximately at the base of Cb - cumulonimbus cloud. Drop of cloud base, sometimes even to the ground. High pressure and temperature drop.

15. What ground level weather is usually associated with a permanent area of high pressure over the mainland in winter?

Thunderstorms. Ns cloudiness with permanent rain. Fog tendency and low St-type cloudiness.

16. What does the term „spin” mean?

Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. A spiral. Symmetric paragider stall.

17. B-stall is performed by:

by gradual pulling the rear row risers. by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the first row risers.

18. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air. Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier.

19. How many items is there in the pre start check?

Three. Five. Seven.

20. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight.

21. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

decreased. increased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases.

22. 9 cm in map with 1 : 500 000 scale refers of real distance:

60 km 50 km 45 km

23. Sooner then in Prague, the sun rises in:

Paris. Moscow. London.

24. Geographic coordinates indicate:

time zone position. certain geographical location. certain place name.

25. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

topographic area. map projections. topographic situation.

26. The flight velocity displayed by GPS is:

indicated air speed. ground speed. true air speed.

27. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

Experience of the pilot and his estimation. A good map and navigation skills of the pilot. Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground.

28. For emergency landing a pilot would rather choose:

dense forest. a lonely tree. a forest road.

29. When flying on speed system:

The paraglider is prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and will be more prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and it will be more stabile thanks to better flow.

30. If a pilot is being dragged by strong wind along the ground, he should:

wait until the glider stops itself. pull the steering lines or rear lines/risers. pull the A risers or lines.

31. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing. I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway. I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines.

32. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft. using the reserve parachute. to execute a descending maneuvre.

33. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes. a life jacket and a flare. a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers.

34. Flying a paraglider is allowed:

in VFR conditions during a day; a day is considered as a time period between sunrise and sunset. from sunset to sunrise. only during a day, which means between morning civil twilight and evening civil twilight or in a similar period of time which can be designated by a competent authority.

35. The upper limit of class E airspace is:

FL 125 (3800 m) FL 85 (2600 m) FL 95 (2900 m)

36. TMA (Terminal Control Area)

cannot be flown under or over. can be flown under. can be flown under only with a two way radio communication with AFIS.

37. Except for takeoff or landing or except by permission issued by the Authority a VFR flight must be conducted above the ground or water at a height of not less than:

300 m 150 m 150 m except for ridge soaring.

38. The paraglider canopy is damaged mostly by:

storage in dark and dry rooms. mice and other wild rodents. UV rays, mechanical abrasion and humidity.

39. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace with a permanent information service. a segregated airspace with air traffic control service. a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations.

40. Two of the same category aircrafts are flying in one track against each other. Na vstřícné trati letí letadla stejné kategorie. Actions of avoidance are:

You will turn to the right, the other aircraft will turn to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the right. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the left.

41. Initial examination includes:

fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing.

43. Resuscitation without artificial respiration is performed:

by chest compression at rate of about 60 times per minute so that resultant minute rate would be the same as there was also the artificial respiration. by continuous chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute. by chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute; instead of artificial breath there is a break after every 30 compressions for 5 seconds.

44. Choose the true statement about improvised transport:

Unless it is necessary the patient should not be transported before the arrival of professional assistance. The priority of an improvised transport is speed. The most important is that the afflicted stays in a slightly inclined position with head down during the whole transport.

45. Choose the true statement about a position of an unconscious afflicted:

If the afflicted is reliably breathing in the current position, we leave him in this position. The unconscious injury afflicted should always be placed on his back with his head tilted back. The unconscious afflicted must not be moved to eliminate the risk of further spine and spinal cord damage.

46. Choose the true statement about a position of a serious injury afflicted:

If the afflicted person actively takes some position, we do not prevent it. If the afflicted is unconscious, he should always be placed in "anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible to restore blood flow to the brain. If the afflicted is communicating he should always be placed into position on the side (the "stabilized" or "recovery" position).

47. The most effective anti shock precautions in laic first aid (after securing vital functions) are:

fracture fixing, wound and abrasions treatment. thermal comfort, lots of sweet liquids, position on side. convenient position, thermal comfort, calming.

48. Choose the true statement about using the thermal („space”) blanket:

The foil is a very good thermal isolation but does not protect against moisture - it can leak in strong rain. This blanket can be also used as a tourniquet or improvised bandage. The side doesn’t matter, the important is to wrap it tightly all around the patient.

49. When stopping bleeding by tourniquet, the principle is:

„The tourniquet must hurt.“ „The tourniquet must not hurt.“ „If using tourniquet, then properly.“

50. Treatment of wounds and fractures fixation of the afflicted by the accident is in the first aid performed:

only after the afflicted is out of vital functions malfunction danger. always if there are gaping (deep) wounds and/or open fractures. always as a priority on any wound or fracture.