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Test - PL A

1. In a normal steady flight:

there is overpressure on the upper surface and negative pressure on the lower surface of the wing. there is overpressure on the upper and lower surface of the wing. there is negative pressure on the upper surface and overpressure on the lower surface of the wing.

2. The chord is:

the curve that is halfway between the upper and lower surfaces of the aerofoil. the straight line dividing the aerofoil in the middle of its thickness into two equal parts. the imaginary straight line joining the leading and trailing edges of the aerofoil.

3. The dynamic stability of a paraglider means:

that if unbalanced it is not completely returning into steady flight. that if unbalanced it returns into steady flight. that it is easy to steer, especially in aerobatics.

4. The wing aspect ratio:

is a relationship between chord length and air foil thickens. is a relationship between span squared and wing surface. is a relationship between span and air foil thickness.

5. Glide ratio is influenced only by:

total weight. the velocity of flow. the angle of attack (i.e. lift and drag coefficients).

6. The lift acts:

always upwards from the aerofoil. always perpendicularly to the chord. always perpendicularly to the direction of flow attacking the aerofoil.

7. The main cause of the stall is always:

exceeding the critical angle of attack. decreasing the flight speed under the minimum forward ground speed in a steady flight. the start of transition of laminar flow into turbulent flow on the surface of the glider.

8. Lift is:

an area resistance given by the angle of attack. a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force. the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile.

9. The beginning of thunder storm is characterized by:

rain on the earth's surface. persistent ascending currents. frequent lightning.

10. Thermal turbulence originates:

in a hilly terrain. in uneven heating of the Earth surface. in air heated by the ground in unstable air conditions.

11. Which types of clouds are typical for a warm front cloud system:

Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus, Cb – cumulonimbus Ns – nimbostratus, As – altostratus, Cs – cirostratus Sc – stratocumulus, Ac – altocumulus, Cc – cirocumulus

12. What type of precipitation can be expected on an active cold front?

Drizzle. Showers and thunderstorms. Light persistent rain.

13. The boundary between two air masses, with the weather in one air mass significantly differing from the weather in the other air mass is called:

Front. Air masses boundary. Weather boundary.

14. Turbulence is defined as:

forces acting on the aircraft in vertical directions. forces increasing the aircraft’s velocity. forces acting on the aircraft in different directions and giving this aircraft various supplementary accelerations.

15. Dew point is:

the temperature to which air must be cooled to induce condensation. a place over which a cloud will form. the height of the zero isotherm.

16. What does the term „spin” mean?

A spiral. Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. Symmetric paragider stall.

17. Spiral is performed by:

pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side. a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning.

18. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. decreased. increased.

19. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction.

20. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight.

21. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

at the top of the mountain. so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top.

22. The difference between UTC and Central European Summer Time (CEST) time is:

1 hour. There is no difference. 2 hours.

23. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

against the wind. perpendicularly to the wind from left. with the wind.

24. Time of sunrise and sunset varies:

with annual periods. influenced by the magnetic field of the Earth. depending on the intensity of sunlight.

25. Course is measured in degrees from north:

clockwise to the east and counterclockwise to the west. counterclockwise. clockwise.

26. Geographical North and South:

do not change location. are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism. change location depending on annual periods.

27. The globe is:

a net of coordinate lines. a rotating ellipsoid flattened at the poles. ideal sphere.

28. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull the steering fully. to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground.

29. The reserve parachute is used so that:

By pulling the handle the reserve parachute is activated; the handle can be lost. Pull the reserve parachute from the harness and throw it into a free space letting go the handle too. Pull the rezerve parachute handle; when the needles are torn out, the reserve parachute opening system is activated.

30. The best when blown behind a ridge is: Při přefouknutí přes kopec je nejbezpečnější

to do big ears which will help to fly through turbulences by increasing surface load of the wing. to fly with the wind as far as possible to a possible emergency landing field. to use a reserve parachute which is more stable in turbulences.

31. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

under a Cumulonimbus cloud. in rapid uncontrolable rotation. after being blown behind a mountain ridge.

32. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him. He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field. He should step in the speed bar and make big ears.

33. If a pilot is being dragged by strong wind along the ground, he should:

pull the A risers or lines. pull the steering lines or rear lines/risers. wait until the glider stops itself.

34. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

PL - 2 ZL - 1 ZL - 3

35. VFR flights in Class G airspace must be carried out so that the aircraft flew:

at a distance to the clouds more than 5 km horizontally and 300 m vertically. outside the clouds with permanent ground visibility. at a distance to the clouds more than 1,5 km horizontally and 150 m vertically.

36. Verifying whether a paraglider technical certificate is valid is a duty of:

the operator. the aircraft commander (pilot). the head of air traffic.

37. An aircraft having priority must maintain its course and speed:

The course must be kept but speed can be changed. This rule does not relieve the aircraft commander of responsibility to carry out such measures that will the best prevent a collision. These conditions must not be changed.

38. In G class airspace there is:

no request of connection. a request of permanent two way connection. a request of connection for flights above 150 m AGL.

39. After landing at the airport, the altimeter set to the airport QFE indicates:

the airport altitude in standard atmosphere. 0. the airport altitude AMSL.

40. A Czech paraglider technical certificate is issued:

always by a designated Paragliding Operations Inspector of LAA CR. by a producer’s technical inspector for category „P” and by LAA CR for category „Z”. always by a Paragliding Technical Inspector of LAA CR.

41. Risers are:

pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion.

43. The first aid basics of wounds and abrasions treatment are:

Covering; in improvised conditions we never clean the wound and do not remove any foreign object from it. Removing any foreign objects by rinsing, disinfecting the wound area and covering bandage. Desinfecting the wound (in emergency using even concentrated alcohol), removing any foreign objects, covering.

44. Improvised tourniquet is to be applied:

always about 10 - 15 cm above the wound. only at arm or thigh, between a wound and heart. anywhere between the wound and heart.

45. A pilot should have his mobile phone:

placed in the pocket of the harness so that it could not cause any injury in case of an accident. switched off because the aviation regulations forbid the use of mobile phones in flight. placed so that it could be reached in any position of pilot’s body.

46. Chest compression during resuscitation is performed:

by the lower end of chest bone. next to left nipple. in the middle of chest bone.

47. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

should be used for taking care of any injury. are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease. should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds.

48. To prevent heat loss the most effective is:

To wrap undressed afflicted tightly in an "anti-shock" foil. To wrap dressed afflicted tightly in an "anti-shock" foil. To cover dressed afflicted gently with an "anti-shock" foil.

49. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

hanging in a triangular bandage. using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too).

50. The telephone number of medical emergency service in the Czech Republic is:

150 155 158