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Test - PL A

1. Spiral is a flight mode when:

the flow gets separated from the aerofoil on the outer side of the turning wing. the flow gets separated from the aerofoil on the inner side of the turning wing. the air flow doesn’t detach from the aerofoil.

2. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

3. The main cause of the stall is always:

decreasing the flight speed under the minimum forward ground speed in a steady flight. the start of transition of laminar flow into turbulent flow on the surface of the glider. exceeding the critical angle of attack.

4. The wing aspect ratio:

is a relationship between chord length and air foil thickens. is a relationship between span squared and wing surface. is a relationship between span and air foil thickness.

5. Glide ratio is influenced only by:

total weight. the velocity of flow. the angle of attack (i.e. lift and drag coefficients).

6. What size and direction is the resultant aerodynamic force in a steady gliding flight?

It is oppositely oriented but smaller then gravity force and that is why the paraglider in steady air always descends. It is the same size and of the opposite direction as the gravityy force. It is equally oriented but smaller then gravity force and that is why the paraglider in steady air always descends.

7. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

decrease of steering forces. significant rise of forces in steering lines. sudden increase of descent rate.

8. In a normal steady flight:

there is overpressure on the upper and lower surface of the wing. there is overpressure on the upper surface and negative pressure on the lower surface of the wing. there is negative pressure on the upper surface and overpressure on the lower surface of the wing.

9. In the northern hemisphere by proceeding vertically from the ground, the wind direction is somewhat different from the direction measured at the ground and it turns:

right. It doesn’t turn. left.

10. What vertical temperature stratification is typical for advection fog?

Inversion. Isothermy. Drop of temperature with altitude.

11. In meteorology, storm is:

a phenomenon identical with the term "cold front”. a natural phenomenon accompanied by intensive rainfall and electrical discharges. the most significant manifestation of convection in the free atmosphere.

12. Which of the layers of Earth's atmosphere is characterized by vertical movements?

Tropopause. Troposphere. Stratosphere.

13. A cold front progresses faster than a warm front, the warm sector at the ground level gradually narrows and the warm air in this region is forced up into the higher layers. This process is called:

cyclone filling. oclusion. cyclone extinction.

14. With increasing height, atmospheric pressure:

decreases and in the hight of 5.5 km is a half of its value at the see level. does not change. increases and in the hight of 5.5 km is double of its value at the see level.

15. Which of the following clouds can spread over several levels (according to hight levels of clouds)?

Nimbostratus Cirrus Altocumulus

16. B-stall is performed by:

by gradual pulling the first row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers. by pulling the second row risers.

17. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. increased. decreased.

18. Spiral is performed by:

pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side. a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning.

19. When entering a thermal current:

the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake. the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning.

20. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. at the top of the mountain.

21. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

22. The difference between UTC and Central European Summer Time (CEST) time is:

There is no difference. 1 hour. 2 hours.

23. Geographical North and South:

are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism. change location depending on annual periods. do not change location.

24. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

perpendicularly to the wind from left. against the wind. with the wind.

25. 225 degrees is direction:

north west. south east. south west.

26. Magnetic north is a direction given by:

the compass needle free of any interferences. the theoretical line intersecting the earth center and the surface of the earth in points called magnetic north and magnetic south. measurements on a map.

27. The flight velocity displayed by GPS is:

ground speed. indicated air speed. true air speed.

28. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight. fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost.

29. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

turning only in the side where the steering line is OK. steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers. steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute.

30. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

to execute a descending maneuvre. using the reserve parachute. stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft.

31. When landing in water surface a pilot should steer the glider:

with the wind. with the wind from a side. against the wind.

32. Before a landing into still water it is necessary:

to jump out of the harness about 3 to 5 m above the water surface. to undo the harness buckles so it was possible to leave it at the moment of contact with water. to turn the glider against the wind.

33. The reserve parachute is used so that:

Pull the reserve parachute from the harness and throw it into a free space letting go the handle too. By pulling the handle the reserve parachute is activated; the handle can be lost. Pull the rezerve parachute handle; when the needles are torn out, the reserve parachute opening system is activated.

34. The AGL abbreviation by a height data in the airspace map means:

the hight according the local atmospheric pressure. the hight above the see level. the hight above the ground level.

35. A Czech Pilot license holder can obtain a Sport Pilot license after:

nine months. five months. six months.

36. Czech abbrevation SLZ means:

Sportovní Létající Zařízení = Sport Flying Equipment Společná Letová Zóna = Common Flight Zone Stálé Letové Zabezpečení = Permanent Flight Security

37. The pilot (aircraft commander) is in competence to:

to obey an operator's decision on the execution of a flight. The pilot has no right to decide on the execution of a flight. to decide definitively on the execution of a flight.

38. Airport operations are:

all traffic at the aerodrome area and all aircrafts flying in the vicinity of the airport. all vehicles and persons operations on the aerodrome area. all flying aircrafts and aircrafts on the aerodrome operational area.

39. Verifying whether a paraglider technical certificate is valid is a duty of:

the operator. the aircraft commander (pilot). the head of air traffic.

40. An aircraft in flight or moving on the ground must give way to the aircraft:

which received permission for landing approach. which has no connection with the air traffic control cervices. which is landing or in the final approach to the landing.

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

42. Risers are:

up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness.

43. Choose the true statement about a position of an unconscious afflicted:

The unconscious afflicted must not be moved to eliminate the risk of further spine and spinal cord damage. The unconscious injury afflicted should always be placed on his back with his head tilted back. If the afflicted is reliably breathing in the current position, we leave him in this position.

44. Resuscitation (animation) is needed to be performed if the afflicted:

is unresponsive and there is no pulse on carotid artery (the breathing state is not important). is unresponsive, not moving and not breathing, or only "gasping" breaths are seen. is unresponsive, not moving, regardless of the state of breathing (a layperson is not able to reliably judge the respiratory status).

45. A layperson without special training is performing resuscitation:

by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 30:2. by chest compressions only. by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 15:2.

46. To prevent heat loss the most effective is:

To cover dressed afflicted gently with an "anti-shock" foil. To wrap undressed afflicted tightly in an "anti-shock" foil. To wrap dressed afflicted tightly in an "anti-shock" foil.

47. Signal to perform by a person on the ground to cancel the need of rescue helicopter landing is:

to stand with one arm up and second arm along the body (a paraphrase of the letter N). to stand and rhythmically move arms up and down wit palms turned upwards. to wave by any object of red color.

48. If improvised transport of an insured PG pilot is necessary (for example in difficult terrain), as the best means of transport will serve:

the canopy folded in a suitable rectangular shape. into a stretcher tied straight branches. his paragliding harness.

49. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

hanging in a triangular bandage. tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too). using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.).

50. "Gasping breaths" mean:

individual breaths in noticeably long intervals by the unconscious afflicted; these breaths are typical for cardiac arrest. noticeably fast but quiet and shallow breathing, typical for a patient with an airway obstruction. noticeably noisy breaths in fast pace; these breaths are typical for developing shock-like state.