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Test - PL A

1. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

2. Where on the aerofoil the flow separation starts?

In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the wake on the suction side of the aerofoil from the leading edge end. In the boundary layer at the suction side of the aerofoil from the trailing edge end.

3. Which of the following pilot inputs increases the angle of attack?

Releasing the steering. Pushing the speed system. Pulling the steering.

4. If the pilot weight increases, the wing glide ratio:

stays the same. increases. decreases.

5. The total weight of a pilot with all equipment is 100 kg and the area of the glider is 25 m2. The surface load of the paraglider is:

0.25 kg/m3 4 kg/m3 0.4 kg/m3

6. The wing aspect ratio:

is a relationship between chord length and air foil thickens. is a relationship between span and air foil thickness. is a relationship between span squared and wing surface.

7. Glide ratio is influenced only by:

the angle of attack (i.e. lift and drag coefficients). total weight. the velocity of flow.

8. If the angle of attack increases, the forward speed:

stays the same. increases. decreases.

9. The boundary between two air masses, with the weather in one air mass significantly differing from the weather in the other air mass is called:

Weather boundary. Front. Air masses boundary.

10. Precipitation falling out of the cloud systems of significant warm fronts are mainly:

showers. persistent rainfall. occasional rainfall.

11. At the passing active II. kind cold front we encounter typical dangerous phenomena:

icing, persistent rainfall, impaired visibility. strong turbulence, severe icing, active thunderstorm activity, heavy showers, strong winds. low clouds, thick stratiform clouds and strong persistent rainfall.

12. A passing cold front with active storm manifestations is reflected by:

no change in temperature, slight pressure decrease and slight wind speed decrease without gusts. temperature decrease, strong athmopheric pressure decrease followed by its increase, strong wind speed increase with gusts. a temperature decrease later followed by its increase, no change in athmospheric pressure, wind fading.

13. Characteristic typical for the troposphere is:

rise of pressure with hight. isothermal stratification. temperature drop with hight.

14. How is relative humidity of air affected by changes in the quantity of water vapor contained in it?

It increases with increasing amounts of water vapor. It is affected only by temperature. It is not affected by water vapour amount changes.

15. In meteorology, storm is:

the most significant manifestation of convection in the free atmosphere. a phenomenon identical with the term "cold front”. a natural phenomenon accompanied by intensive rainfall and electrical discharges.

16. The heading of aircraft and its direction of movement compare to ground is:

always the same. the same when flying in no wind or exactly against the wind or with the wind. the same when flying in no wind or with the wind exactly from left or right.

17. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

at the top of the mountain. so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top.

18. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope.

19. Spiral is performed by:

a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side. pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation.

20. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse.

21. What does the term „spin” mean?

Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. Symmetric paragider stall. A spiral.

22. Contour lines are curves connecting points of the same:

alitude. negative hight, so called dephtines. declination.

23. Geographic coordinates indicate:

certain geographical location. time zone position. certain place name.

24. The earth axix is a line intersecting the center of the earth perpendicularly to the equator. The points where this line intersects the earth surface are called poles and they are:

the marine poles. the magnetic poles. the geological poles.

25. The prime meridian is:

the meridian, at which the latitude and longitude equal 0. meridian, also called the base meridian, passing through Greenwich Observatory in England. a meridian not passing through observatory in Greenwich, but only a small circle.

26. Magnetic course is measured:

from bearing indicator. from geographical north of local meridian. from prime meridian.

27. Direction south is reported by:

090° 180° 360°

28. The reserve parachute is used so that:

By pulling the handle the reserve parachute is activated; the handle can be lost. Pull the rezerve parachute handle; when the needles are torn out, the reserve parachute opening system is activated. Pull the reserve parachute from the harness and throw it into a free space letting go the handle too.

29. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull the steering fully. to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground.

30. If a pilot is being dragged by strong wind along the ground, he should:

pull the steering lines or rear lines/risers. wait until the glider stops itself. pull the A risers or lines.

31. The best when blown behind a ridge is: Při přefouknutí přes kopec je nejbezpečnější

to use a reserve parachute which is more stable in turbulences. to do big ears which will help to fly through turbulences by increasing surface load of the wing. to fly with the wind as far as possible to a possible emergency landing field.

32. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes. a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers. a life jacket and a flare.

33. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

in rapid uncontrolable rotation. under a Cumulonimbus cloud. after being blown behind a mountain ridge.

34. The information about CTR, TMA, LKR, LKP position is in:

ADAC map. official CAA map. valid AIP or ICAO map.

35. After landing at the airport, the altimeter set to the airport QFE indicates:

the airport altitude AMSL. 0. the airport altitude in standard atmosphere.

36. The AGL abbreviation by a height data in the airspace map means:

the hight according the local atmospheric pressure. the hight above the see level. the hight above the ground level.

37. The paraglider canopy is damaged mostly by:

storage in dark and dry rooms. UV rays, mechanical abrasion and humidity. mice and other wild rodents.

38. When two light aircrafts are flying on intersecting tracks in free space, the right of way is of the light aircraft flying:

from the left. from the right. against the sun.

39. The aircraft must not fly at such a distance from other aircraft that would:

be less then 150m. create a collision hazard. restrict the other aircraft.

40. In G class airspace there is:

no request of connection. a request of permanent two way connection. a request of connection for flights above 150 m AGL.

41. Initial examination includes:

finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C.

42. Risers are:

the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early.

43. A paraglider in a spin fell nearby. On our approach he lies on his back, unconscious, not breathing, bluish. No clearly visible injury is obvious. We'll call an ambulance and firstly:

lay the afflicted in the anti-shock position with head underlaid. free the airway by backward head tilt. lay the afflicted in the stabilized position.

44. If the unconscious afflicted is not breathing:

We start the resuscitation immediately. First we try to free the airway. We promptly transport him to the professional medical service.

45. The A-B-C protocol in initial examination stands for:

1. check the Airway, 2. check the Breathing and 3. restore the Circulation (using Compressions). Anamnesis, Breathing,Chest injury check. 1. open the Airway with a head tilt, 2. start the artificial respiration = Breathing, 3. start the chest Compressions.

46. Clearing the airway of unconscious patient is done primarily using:

stabilised position. backward head tilt. forward head tilt.

47. The best way of use of the „anti-shock” foil (thermal blanket) is:

The afflicted is tightly wraped into it including head, only face is uncovered. It is laid under the afflicted. The afflicted is carefully covered with it.

48. During an improvised transport of an unconscious afflicted:

the process should be as fast as possible. special attention should be payed to caution and head fixation. caution is not important because the unconscious afflicted doesn’t feel pain anyway.

49. Unless prevented by special circumstances, the best for the accident afflicted is:

the "Anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible„ a position that the afflicted person wants to take. a position on the side („stabilized” or „recovery” position).

50. For the quality of resuscitation, the most crucial is:

timely starting and continuity of compressions. the deepest compressions. the highest possible frequency of compressions.