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Test - PL A

1. If the pilot weight increases the paraglider or powered paraglider speed:

increases. decreases. does not change.

2. How the speed system works?

It increases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. It decreases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. Sometimes it deforms the aerofoil shape. It decreases the angle of attack by releasing the rear risers.

3. What will be the change of flow speed and static air pressure in a place where the streamline density increases?

The speed will increase, the static pressure will increase. The speed will decrease, the static pressure will decrease. The speed will increase, the static pressure will decrease.

4. Surface load:

indicates the number of m2 of bearing area per one kilogram of the total weight. indicates the number of kilograms of the pilot weight per m2 of bearing area. indicates the number of kilograms of the total weight per m2 of bearing area.

5. The resultant aerodynamic force consists of:

lift and weight. lift coefficient and weight. lift and drag.

6. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

the weight of the aircraft and lift. the drag and the gravity force. the gravity force and resultant aerodynamic force.

7. The lift on the aerofoil is created by:

densification of streamlines above the aerofoil, the top surface of the aerofoil thus generates a negative pressure; below the aerofoil the streamlines expand and thereby an overpressure occurs beneath the aerofoil. the force of flowing air from front of the aerofoil (when the angel of attack is positive). densification of streamlines below the aerofoil, the lower surface of the aerofoil thus generates a negative pressure; above the aerofoil the streamlines expand and thereby an overpressure occurs above the aerofoil.

8. When increasing the angle of attack:

the lift coefficient increases and drag coefficient decreases. the lift coefficient and drag coefficient decrease. the lift coefficient and drag coefficient increase.

9. Vertical robustness of the troposphere is the greatest:

over the equatorial regions. over the poles. in the temperate zones.

10. Which of these cloud species belong among clouds of crystal composition?

Cc - cirocumulus, Cs - cirostratus Ns - nimbostratus, As - altostratus Cb - cumulonimbus, Ac - altocumulus

11. We call it unstable stratification when in unsaturated air:

an unsaturated particle stops at a level at which external force has ceased to act. an unsaturated air particle as it exits from the equilibrium position continues to climb even when the external force ceases to act. an unsaturated particle, after removal of the external force, returns to its original position.

12. The high pressure - anticyclone - is the area of:

high atmospheric pressure with the highest value in its middle. high atmospheric pressure with the highest value on its border. high atmospheric pressure rising in particular direction.

13. Which of the following cloud types are a sign of unstable air mass?

Sc, Ns St, Cs Cu, Cb

14. Wind is:

the vertical air movement. the mixing of air particles. the horizontal flow (moving) of the air.

15. The basic cause of cloud formation in the atmosphere is:

achieving a state of saturation. decrease of air temperature with height. achieving a state of saturation followed by water vapor condensation.

16. I increase the flight speed by:

depressing the speed system. pulling the trimmers. pulling a bit of steering.

17. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. at the top of the mountain.

18. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge. the wind in the valley by the landing zone. the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station.

19. What does the term „spin” mean?

A spiral. Symmetric paragider stall. Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall.

20. Spiral is performed by:

pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation. a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side.

21. The take off control includes:

the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments. the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space.

22. Geographical North and South:

do not change location. are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism. change location depending on annual periods.

23. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to focus on one landmark. to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft. to locate and identify several landmarks.

24. The location of geographical and magnetic poles is:

identical. The magnetic pole is always to the east from the geographical pole. not identical.

25. Geographical meridian is:

a half of meridian circle. a circle around the globe. a segment of a circle whose plane is perpendicular to the earth's axis.

26. Sooner then in Prague, the sun rises in:

Paris. Moscow. London.

27. Direction south is reported by:

360° 180° 090°

28. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him. He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field. He should step in the speed bar and make big ears.

29. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident. in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway. in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position.

30. After an asymmetric collapse the correct procedure is:

no sudden piloting inputs; a certified paraglider will return into straight flight itself. weight shift in the not collapsed side of the glider and brake the same side slightly to stop rotation.maximálně se vyklonit na nezaklopenou stranu a také ji přibrzdit tak, aby nedošlo k rotaci pulling the steering on the not collapsed side quickly and fully to help the regeneration of the canopy.

31. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway. I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing. I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines.

32. Before a landing into still water it is necessary:

to undo the harness buckles so it was possible to leave it at the moment of contact with water. to jump out of the harness about 3 to 5 m above the water surface. to turn the glider against the wind.

33. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers. a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes. a life jacket and a flare.

34. A "P" technical certificate of a paraglider may be issued:

only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR, PL - 2, DHV or CEN. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR. to any paraglider produced by a manufacturer authorized by LAA CR.

35. The minimum allowed flight visibility in class E airspace is:

1,5 km 5 km 8 km

36. Flying a paraglider is allowed:

only during a day, which means between morning civil twilight and evening civil twilight or in a similar period of time which can be designated by a competent authority. from sunset to sunrise. in VFR conditions during a day; a day is considered as a time period between sunrise and sunset.

37. Two of the same category aircrafts are flying in one track against each other. Na vstřícné trati letí letadla stejné kategorie. Actions of avoidance are:

Both aircrafts will change their curse to the right. You will turn to the right, the other aircraft will turn to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the left.

38. Except for takeoff or landing or except by permission issued by the Authority a VFR flight must be conducted above the ground or water at a height of not less than:

150 m except for ridge soaring. 150 m 300 m

39. To recalculate a figure in meters into figure in feet we use the simplified formula:

(m : 10) x 3 (m x 3) : 10 (m x 3) + 10%

40. An aircraft in flight or moving on the ground must give way to the aircraft:

which received permission for landing approach. which is landing or in the final approach to the landing. which has no connection with the air traffic control cervices.

41. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. sun and wrong packing. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

43. The telephone number of medical emergency service in the Czech Republic is:

155 150 158

44. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too). hanging in a triangular bandage. using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.).

45. Treatment of wounds and fractures fixation of the afflicted by the accident is in the first aid performed:

always if there are gaping (deep) wounds and/or open fractures. always as a priority on any wound or fracture. only after the afflicted is out of vital functions malfunction danger.

46. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease. should be used for taking care of any injury. should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds.

47. During ridge soaring after a collapse about 10 meters above ground a pilot landed hard on his left side; He is obviously shaken, however gets up, then collapses, is pale, reports pain in his hip, shakes, he wants to sleep, a little confused, but strictly refuses an offered call for an ambulance. The procedure will be:

We lay him in the anti-shock position with his feet up, cover him and call an ambulance. We are trying to calm him down, keep him in a position which is the most comfortable for him, cover him and call the emergency services. We lay him in shade into semi sitting position and check him occasionally during flying. If his condition gets worse, we call help.

48. After applying tourniquet the wound is still bleeding:

Loosen the tourniquet and lift the afflicted limb up. The tourniquet needs tightening. We need to use another compress bandage.

49. The most effective anti shock precautions in laic first aid (after securing vital functions) are:

fracture fixing, wound and abrasions treatment. convenient position, thermal comfort, calming. thermal comfort, lots of sweet liquids, position on side.

50. A foreign object (e.g. little stone, sherd or so):

must be removed even if surrounding tissue is damaged and then the wound needs rinsing with disinfection. is to be removed from a wound if it is possible without excessive violence (e.g. rinsing with water, gently pulling etc.). is never to be removed - cover the wound with anything in it and soak the bandage with disinfection.