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Test - PL A

1. Which of the following pilot inputs increases the angle of attack?

Releasing the steering. Pulling the steering. Pushing the speed system.

2. On which part of the glider canopy is the largest lift, seen from the front?

The lift is evenly distributed. At the side parts of the glider. In the middle of the glider.

3. The resultant aerodynamic force consists of:

lift and weight. lift and drag. lift coefficient and weight.

4. When a paraglider is in steady flight in an ideal environment (no wind) at a glide ratio 6, then it means that:

it is flying at the speed of 6 m/s and the lift of the paraglider is 6 times greater then its drag. the lift is 6 times greater then the drag. the lift of the paraglider is 6 times less then its drag.

5. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

decrease of steering forces. significant rise of forces in steering lines. sudden increase of descent rate.

6. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

7. Lift is:

a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force. an area resistance given by the angle of attack. the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile.

8. In a normal steady flight:

there is overpressure on the upper and lower surface of the wing. there is overpressure on the upper surface and negative pressure on the lower surface of the wing. there is negative pressure on the upper surface and overpressure on the lower surface of the wing.

9. In the area of high pressure in the northern hemisphere the wind close to the ground is blowing:

clockwise. strait out from the middle of high pressure in the whole area. counter clockwise.

10. We talk about stable air mass if following applies:

There are favorable conditions for ascending currents formation. There are unfavorable conditions for ascending currents formation. There is convection forming in the air.

11. Lentil shaped elongated clouds:

especially in summer indicate coming of a dangerous occluded front. occur mainly in the tropics; in our latitudes they appear rarely in the spring at the sudden change in temperature. indicate strong wind at hight and wind gusts danger.

12. Unsaturated adiabatic curve is showing the change in temperature with height of value:

0,60 °C / 100 m of hight. 0,65 °C / 100 m of hight. 1,00 °C / 100 m of hight.

13. Convective activity in the mid-latitudes is the greatest:

at noon. in winter at midday. in summer at midday.

14. Precipitation coming off St-stratus layer of cloud is mostly:

hail. drizzle. violent torrential rain.

15. In troposphere, at vertical rise of 100 m the pressure drop:

is lower in higher altitudes then in lower altitudes. is higher in higher altitudes then in lower altitudes. is the same in all altitudes.

16. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind in the valley by the landing zone. the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station. the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge.

17. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

18. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. increased. decreased.

19. When entering a thermal current:

the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning. the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake.

20. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. at the top of the mountain.

21. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy shoots forward and can collapse.

22. Geographical meridian is:

a segment of a circle whose plane is perpendicular to the earth's axis. a half of meridian circle. a circle around the globe.

23. 045 degrees is direction:

north west. south west. north east.

24. Geographical North and South:

change location depending on annual periods. do not change location. are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism.

25. Sooner then in Prague, the sun rises in:

London. Paris. Moscow.

26. The flight velocity displayed by GPS is:

indicated air speed. ground speed. true air speed.

27. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

topographic area. map projections. topographic situation.

28. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost. turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight.

29. The best when blown behind a ridge is: Při přefouknutí přes kopec je nejbezpečnější

to fly with the wind as far as possible to a possible emergency landing field. to use a reserve parachute which is more stable in turbulences. to do big ears which will help to fly through turbulences by increasing surface load of the wing.

30. For emergency landing a pilot would rather choose:

a lonely tree. a forest road. dense forest.

31. You miscounted the landing approach and need to shorten it. You are 30 m above the ground:

By flying in figure eight or S turns you loose hight before the final glide. By pulling tips of the wing via the right lines you can reduce the effective surface of the wing and glide under a better angle to the ground. In such altitude is best to make a 360 turn.

32. After an asymmetric collapse the correct procedure is:

weight shift in the not collapsed side of the glider and brake the same side slightly to stop rotation.maximálně se vyklonit na nezaklopenou stranu a také ji přibrzdit tak, aby nedošlo k rotaci pulling the steering on the not collapsed side quickly and fully to help the regeneration of the canopy. no sudden piloting inputs; a certified paraglider will return into straight flight itself.

33. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position. in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident. in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway.

34. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations. a segregated airspace with air traffic control service. a segregated airspace with a permanent information service.

35. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

ZL - 3 PL - 2 ZL - 1

36. A Czech paraglider technical certificate is issued:

always by a Paragliding Technical Inspector of LAA CR. always by a designated Paragliding Operations Inspector of LAA CR. by a producer’s technical inspector for category „P” and by LAA CR for category „Z”.

37. TMA (Terminal Control Area)

can be flown under. can be flown under only with a two way radio communication with AFIS. cannot be flown under or over.

38. An aircraft in flight or moving on the ground must give way to the aircraft:

which has no connection with the air traffic control cervices. which received permission for landing approach. which is landing or in the final approach to the landing.

39. A "P" technical certificate of a paraglider may be issued:

to any paraglider produced by a manufacturer authorized by LAA CR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR, PL - 2, DHV or CEN.

40. Airdrome traffic zone (ATZ) is of such dimensions:

a circle with a radius of 3 NM (5.5 km), vertically from the ground to an altitude of 4000 feet (1200 meters). a circle with a diameter of 5.5 NM (10 km), vertically from the ground to an altitude of 4000 feet (1200 meters). a circle with a diameter of 3 NM (5.5 km), vertically from the ground to an altitude of 4000 feet (1200 meters).

41. Risers are:

up-going thermal currents. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. pilots who get up early.

42. Initial examination includes:

fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

43. After applying tourniquet the wound is still bleeding:

The tourniquet needs tightening. We need to use another compress bandage. Loosen the tourniquet and lift the afflicted limb up.

44. In practice, we can recognize the malfunction of blood stream (cardiac arrest) by the fact that:

we cannot feel the pulse at the carotid artery. we cannot feel the heart beating on the chest. the afflicted is unresponsive, does not breath or does only gasping breaths and does not move.

45. Improvised tourniquet is to be applied:

only at arm or thigh, between a wound and heart. always about 10 - 15 cm above the wound. anywhere between the wound and heart.

46. Choose the true statement about a position of an unconscious afflicted:

If the afflicted is reliably breathing in the current position, we leave him in this position. The unconscious afflicted must not be moved to eliminate the risk of further spine and spinal cord damage. The unconscious injury afflicted should always be placed on his back with his head tilted back.

47. "Secondary examination" of an injury afflicted means:

an examination by another independent person to verify the initial conclusions. an inspection of afflicted "head to toe" in order to uncover any injury changes on body. the second (and next) control examination to determine if there is a deterioration in the status.

48. During an improvised transport of an unconscious afflicted:

caution is not important because the unconscious afflicted doesn’t feel pain anyway. special attention should be payed to caution and head fixation. the process should be as fast as possible.

49. The helmet of the afflicted:

must never be taken off. should be taken off by pulling in the long axis of the body with permanent fixation of the head and neck. should be taken off only by gente tilting nad twisting.

50. A pilot should have his mobile phone:

switched off because the aviation regulations forbid the use of mobile phones in flight. placed so that it could be reached in any position of pilot’s body. placed in the pocket of the harness so that it could not cause any injury in case of an accident.