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Test - PL A

1. The wing aspect ratio:

is a relationship between chord length and air foil thickens. is a relationship between span and air foil thickness. is a relationship between span squared and wing surface.

2. The total weight of a pilot with all equipment is 100 kg and the area of the glider is 25 m2. The surface load of the paraglider is:

0.4 kg/m3 0.25 kg/m3 4 kg/m3

3. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

4. What kind of change of flow speed and static pressure causes the widening of streamlines in a specified place?

The speed will increase, the static pressure will increase. The speed will decrease, the static pressure will increase. The speed will decrease, the static pressure will decrease.

5. The lift coefficient is influenced the most by:

the speed of flow. the air foil curving. the air foil thickness.

6. The paraglider glide ratio is defined as:

the relation between the glider performance and vertical speed. the ratio between the horizontal and vertical velocity component of the paraglider. the weight and lift ratio.

7. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the speed and drag ratio. the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio. the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio.

8. The dynamic stability of a paraglider means:

that it is easy to steer, especially in aerobatics. that if unbalanced it returns into steady flight. that if unbalanced it is not completely returning into steady flight.

9. In troposphere, at vertical rise of 100 m the pressure drop:

is higher in higher altitudes then in lower altitudes. is lower in higher altitudes then in lower altitudes. is the same in all altitudes.

10. Saturated adiabatic curve is showing the change in temperature with height of value:

0,65 °C / 100 m of hight. 0,60 °C / 100 m of hight. 1,00 °C / 100 m of hight.

11. Which of the following cloud types may reach up into the stratosphere?

Cirrostratus Cumulonimbus Cumulus

12. We call it unstable stratification when in unsaturated air:

an unsaturated particle, after removal of the external force, returns to its original position. an unsaturated air particle as it exits from the equilibrium position continues to climb even when the external force ceases to act. an unsaturated particle stops at a level at which external force has ceased to act.

13. Which of the following clouds can spread over several levels (according to hight levels of clouds)?

Nimbostratus Altocumulus Cirrus

14. What weather conditions are expected in temperate latitudes over land in summer in the middle of a stationary area of high pressure?

Thunderstorms, clear air and strong winds. Weak winds, haze. Ns clouds.

15. The valley wind is blowing:

along the mountain valley axis at daytime up to the mountains (against the river stream). across the valley up the mountain slopes. across the valley due to winds aloft.

16. How many items is there in the pre start check?

Seven. Three. Five.

17. B-stall is performed by:

by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the first row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers.

18. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

19. Spiral is performed by:

a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side. pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation.

20. I increase the flight speed by:

pulling a bit of steering. pulling the trimmers. depressing the speed system.

21. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station. the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge. the wind in the valley by the landing zone.

22. Magnetic north is a direction given by:

the compass needle free of any interferences. measurements on a map. the theoretical line intersecting the earth center and the surface of the earth in points called magnetic north and magnetic south.

23. The flight velocity displayed by GPS is:

ground speed. true air speed. indicated air speed.

24. Magnetic course is measured:

from bearing indicator. from prime meridian. from geographical north of local meridian.

25. Course is measured in degrees from north:

clockwise. counterclockwise. clockwise to the east and counterclockwise to the west.

26. Sooner then in Prague, the sun rises in:

Moscow. London. Paris.

27. Contour lines are curves connecting points of the same:

alitude. negative hight, so called dephtines. declination.

28. When flying on speed system:

The paraglider will increase its speed and will be more prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and it will be more stabile thanks to better flow. The paraglider is prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses.

29. For emergency landing a pilot would rather choose:

a forest road. a lonely tree. dense forest.

30. The best when blown behind a ridge is: Při přefouknutí přes kopec je nejbezpečnější

to do big ears which will help to fly through turbulences by increasing surface load of the wing. to fly with the wind as far as possible to a possible emergency landing field. to use a reserve parachute which is more stable in turbulences.

31. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

under a Cumulonimbus cloud. in rapid uncontrolable rotation. after being blown behind a mountain ridge.

32. If I stall the glider:

I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I release the steering quickly. I release the steering continuously. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I hold the steering down firmly.

33. After an asymmetric collapse the correct procedure is:

no sudden piloting inputs; a certified paraglider will return into straight flight itself. pulling the steering on the not collapsed side quickly and fully to help the regeneration of the canopy. weight shift in the not collapsed side of the glider and brake the same side slightly to stop rotation.maximálně se vyklonit na nezaklopenou stranu a také ji přibrzdit tak, aby nedošlo k rotaci

34. VFR flights in Class G airspace must be carried out so that the aircraft flew:

at a distance to the clouds more than 5 km horizontally and 300 m vertically. at a distance to the clouds more than 1,5 km horizontally and 150 m vertically. outside the clouds with permanent ground visibility.

35. The upper limit of class E airspace is:

FL 125 (3800 m) FL 85 (2600 m) FL 95 (2900 m)

36. Who is authorized to check a pilot's license or student document?

Paragliding operations inspector of LAA CR, person authorized of Ministry of Transport, Czech Police or local municipal authority personnel. Paragliding operations inspector of LAA CR, Czech Police, Czech CAA inspector, a person authorized by an airport or property owner. Paragliding operations inspector and Paragliding technical inspector of LAA CR, a person authorized by the Ministry of Transport or the CAA of the CR, Czech Police.

37. Pilots must have the documents required for flying a light aircraft:

with them at cross country flights. with them at flights outside the airport. with them at every flight.

38. If two or more aircrafts heavier then air are approaching one airport with the intention to land and the avoidance rules do not apply, the priority of landing is as follows:

the aircraft flying higher gives way to the lower flying aircraft. the aircraft flying on left gives way to the aircraft flying from right. the slower aircraft gives way to the faster aircraft.

39. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

ZL - 1 PL - 2 ZL - 3

40. Restricted air space (LK R):

must be passed through. can be passed through under specified conditions. must not be passed through.

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion.

42. Risers are:

the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. pilots who get up early. up-going thermal currents.

43. In practice, we can recognize the malfunction of blood stream (cardiac arrest) by the fact that:

we cannot feel the heart beating on the chest. the afflicted is unresponsive, does not breath or does only gasping breaths and does not move. we cannot feel the pulse at the carotid artery.

44. The signal to the rescue helicopter from persons on the ground is done:

by standing with arms stretched sideways in A shape. by standing with arms up in Y shape. by waving any object of bright color.

45. The A-B-C protocol in initial examination stands for:

1. check the Airway, 2. check the Breathing and 3. restore the Circulation (using Compressions). 1. open the Airway with a head tilt, 2. start the artificial respiration = Breathing, 3. start the chest Compressions. Anamnesis, Breathing,Chest injury check.

46. Fractures of upper limbs are preferably fixed by:

using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). tightening to the body in extended position. hanging in a triangular bandage.

47. For the quality of resuscitation, the most crucial is:

the deepest compressions. timely starting and continuity of compressions. the highest possible frequency of compressions.

48. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

should be used for taking care of any injury. should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds. are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease.

49. An afflicted suddenly collapsed during the ascent of the hill, he is lying down not moving, takes a deep breath about once in twenty seconds. Another witness of the incident tries to feel pulse on his neck and reports weak and rapid pulse. It is necessary to call for help immediately and:

Turn the afflicted into a stabilized position because there is a risk of vomit aspiration. Initiate resuscitation. So called "gasping breaths" are typical of sudden cardiac arrest. Pulse palpation by layman is unreliable and is not used for large number of errors - the first aider can feel his own heartbeat. Initiate artificial respiration because this breathing frequency is too low. Indirect heart massage is not needed because there are heartbeats and massage might damage lungs.

50. Choose the true statement about a position of an unconscious afflicted:

The unconscious afflicted must not be moved to eliminate the risk of further spine and spinal cord damage. If the afflicted is reliably breathing in the current position, we leave him in this position. The unconscious injury afflicted should always be placed on his back with his head tilted back.