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Test - PL A

1. The paraglider glide ratio is defined as:

the weight and lift ratio. the relation between the glider performance and vertical speed. the ratio between the horizontal and vertical velocity component of the paraglider.

2. What kind of change of flow speed and static pressure causes the widening of streamlines in a specified place?

The speed will decrease, the static pressure will increase. The speed will decrease, the static pressure will decrease. The speed will increase, the static pressure will increase.

3. On which part of the glider canopy is the largest lift, seen from the front?

In the middle of the glider. At the side parts of the glider. The lift is evenly distributed.

4. The glide ratio relative to ground:

is changing when flying in wind. is not changing when flying in wind because the bearing area is still the same. is changing with weight changes.

5. What size and direction is the resultant aerodynamic force in a steady gliding flight?

It is the same size and of the opposite direction as the gravityy force. It is equally oriented but smaller then gravity force and that is why the paraglider in steady air always descends. It is oppositely oriented but smaller then gravity force and that is why the paraglider in steady air always descends.

6. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

the drag and the gravity force. the gravity force and resultant aerodynamic force. the weight of the aircraft and lift.

7. The aircraft falls when:

the aircraft take off weight is higher then maximum allowed. the pilot makes too sharp turn. it gets over the critical angle of attack.

8. The angle of attack is:

the angle between aerofoil’s chord and the horizon line. the angle between the oncoming flow and the horizon line. the angle between the aerofoil’s chord and the oncoming flow.

9. What do we mean by the term "clear thermic"?

An ascending thermal current not topped by a cumulus cloud. Strong gusty wind in a coud free environment. Turbulence associated with a windshear.

10. We call it unstable stratification when in unsaturated air:

an unsaturated particle, after removal of the external force, returns to its original position. an unsaturated air particle as it exits from the equilibrium position continues to climb even when the external force ceases to act. an unsaturated particle stops at a level at which external force has ceased to act.

11. Local isolated thunderstorms are mostly:

mass storms. frontal air lift (cold front). frontal air lift (warm front).

12. Cooling speed of rising air saturated with water vapor is less than of unsaturated air because:

water vapor absorbs heat radiated by air. condensation releases heat. water vapor is not cooled as fast as dry air.

13. Dew point temperature is:

is the air temperature with determined relative humidity. the air temperature at the saturation status moment. the air temperature in given altitude.

14. Among high level clouds are:

St – stratus, Sc – stratocumulus Cc – cirrocumulus, Cs – cirrostratus Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus

15. The air mass is called unstable if there are:

convective vertical motions in it. inversions in it. stratified clouds in it.

16. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge. the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station. the wind in the valley by the landing zone.

17. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

18. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air. Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier.

19. The take off control includes:

the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments. the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing.

20. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse.

21. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction.

22. Geographical North and South:

change location depending on annual periods. do not change location. are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism.

23. Course is measured in degrees from north:

counterclockwise. clockwise. clockwise to the east and counterclockwise to the west.

24. Time of sunrise and sunset varies:

with annual periods. depending on the intensity of sunlight. influenced by the magnetic field of the Earth.

25. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

A good map and navigation skills of the pilot. Experience of the pilot and his estimation. Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground.

26. Magnetic course is measured:

from prime meridian. from bearing indicator. from geographical north of local meridian.

27. 10 cm in map with 1 : 200 000 scale refers of real distance:

50 km 200 km 20 km

28. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

turning only in the side where the steering line is OK. steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers. steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute.

29. After an asymmetric collapse the correct procedure is:

pulling the steering on the not collapsed side quickly and fully to help the regeneration of the canopy. weight shift in the not collapsed side of the glider and brake the same side slightly to stop rotation.maximálně se vyklonit na nezaklopenou stranu a také ji přibrzdit tak, aby nedošlo k rotaci no sudden piloting inputs; a certified paraglider will return into straight flight itself.

30. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft. to execute a descending maneuvre. using the reserve parachute.

31. You miscounted the landing approach and need to shorten it. You are 30 m above the ground:

In such altitude is best to make a 360 turn. By flying in figure eight or S turns you loose hight before the final glide. By pulling tips of the wing via the right lines you can reduce the effective surface of the wing and glide under a better angle to the ground.

32. When flying on speed system:

The paraglider will increase its speed and will be more prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and it will be more stabile thanks to better flow. The paraglider is prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses.

33. Your last choice for emergency landing would always be:

water surface. a parking. electric wires.

34. TMA (Terminal Control Area)

can be flown under only with a two way radio communication with AFIS. can be flown under. cannot be flown under or over.

35. Can I meet an airliner in Class E airspace?

No. Only in clouds. Yes.

36. Restricted air space (LK R):

can be passed through under specified conditions. must not be passed through. must be passed through.

37. Who is authorized to check a pilot's license or student document?

Paragliding operations inspector of LAA CR, person authorized of Ministry of Transport, Czech Police or local municipal authority personnel. Paragliding operations inspector of LAA CR, Czech Police, Czech CAA inspector, a person authorized by an airport or property owner. Paragliding operations inspector and Paragliding technical inspector of LAA CR, a person authorized by the Ministry of Transport or the CAA of the CR, Czech Police.

38. The upper limit of class E airspace is:

FL 85 (2600 m) FL 95 (2900 m) FL 125 (3800 m)

39. A "P" technical certificate of a paraglider may be issued:

to any paraglider produced by a manufacturer authorized by LAA CR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR, PL - 2, DHV or CEN.

40. Airport operations are:

all vehicles and persons operations on the aerodrome area. all traffic at the aerodrome area and all aircrafts flying in the vicinity of the airport. all flying aircrafts and aircrafts on the aerodrome operational area.

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

42. Initial examination includes:

fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C.

43. In improvised conditions fracture fixing is:

a priority first aid objective. necessary in case of open fracture. needed in exceptional cases if manipulation with the patient before professional medical services arrival is necessary.

44. The A-B-C protocol in initial examination stands for:

Anamnesis, Breathing,Chest injury check. 1. check the Airway, 2. check the Breathing and 3. restore the Circulation (using Compressions). 1. open the Airway with a head tilt, 2. start the artificial respiration = Breathing, 3. start the chest Compressions.

45. Resuscitation (animation) is needed to be performed if the afflicted:

is unresponsive, not moving, regardless of the state of breathing (a layperson is not able to reliably judge the respiratory status). is unresponsive and there is no pulse on carotid artery (the breathing state is not important). is unresponsive, not moving and not breathing, or only "gasping" breaths are seen.

46. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too). hanging in a triangular bandage.

47. Chest compression during resuscitation is performed:

by the lower end of chest bone. in the middle of chest bone. next to left nipple.

48. Fractures of upper limbs are preferably fixed by:

tightening to the body in extended position. using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). hanging in a triangular bandage.

49. Improvised tourniquet is to be applied:

anywhere between the wound and heart. always about 10 - 15 cm above the wound. only at arm or thigh, between a wound and heart.

50. "Gasping breaths" mean:

individual breaths in noticeably long intervals by the unconscious afflicted; these breaths are typical for cardiac arrest. noticeably noisy breaths in fast pace; these breaths are typical for developing shock-like state. noticeably fast but quiet and shallow breathing, typical for a patient with an airway obstruction.