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Test - PL A

1. When increasing the angle of attack:

the lift coefficient increases and drag coefficient decreases. the lift coefficient and drag coefficient increase. the lift coefficient and drag coefficient decrease.

2. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

sudden increase of descent rate. significant rise of forces in steering lines. decrease of steering forces.

3. Spiral is a flight mode when:

the air flow doesn’t detach from the aerofoil. the flow gets separated from the aerofoil on the inner side of the turning wing. the flow gets separated from the aerofoil on the outer side of the turning wing.

4. When air flow is laminar:

there is a relative mix of streamlines but at the end of given aerofoil there are no significant eddies in the flow. there is no relative mix of streamlines. there is a relative mix of streamlines.

5. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

6. On the bottom side of the wing in flight there is:

negative pressure. overpressure. no pressure.

7. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

the gravity force and resultant aerodynamic force. the drag and the gravity force. the weight of the aircraft and lift.

8. The induced drag can be reduced by:

the air foil thickness and special the wing arrow and air foil thickness. aspect ratio and favorable wing tip shape.

9. Half of the weight of the earth's atmosphere is located in the bottom:

8 km 3 km 5 km

10. In meteorology, storm is:

a phenomenon identical with the term "cold front”. the most significant manifestation of convection in the free atmosphere. a natural phenomenon accompanied by intensive rainfall and electrical discharges.

11. With increasing height, atmospheric pressure:

decreases and in the hight of 5.5 km is a half of its value at the see level. increases and in the hight of 5.5 km is double of its value at the see level. does not change.

12. In the area of low pressure in the northern hemisphere the wind close to the ground is blowing:

strait into the middle of the low pressure in the whole area. clockwise. counter clockwise.

13. Which of clouds forming on the forehead of cold front is the most dangerous for air traffic?

As – altostratus Cb – cumulonimbus Ns – nimbostratus

14. The decrease of temperature with altitude in a standard atmosphere definition - vertical temperature gradient - has a value of:

1,0° C / 100 m. 0,65° C / 100 m. 0,6° C / 100 m.

15. We call it unstable stratification when in unsaturated air:

an unsaturated particle, after removal of the external force, returns to its original position. an unsaturated air particle as it exits from the equilibrium position continues to climb even when the external force ceases to act. an unsaturated particle stops at a level at which external force has ceased to act.

16. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind in the valley by the landing zone. the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station. the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge.

17. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

decreased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. increased.

18. When entering a thermal current:

the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake. the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning.

19. I increase the flight speed by:

pulling a bit of steering. pulling the trimmers. depressing the speed system.

20. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight. weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate.

21. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope.

22. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

topographic situation. map projections. topographic area.

23. 045 degrees is direction:

north west. south west. north east.

24. Direction south is reported by:

360° 180° 090°

25. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground. A good map and navigation skills of the pilot. Experience of the pilot and his estimation.

26. Comparative navigation involves:

comparison of data of navigation devices (GPS) with a map. comparing the calculated times with the reality. comparing terrain with a map and vice versa.

27. Time of sunrise and sunset varies:

depending on the intensity of sunlight. influenced by the magnetic field of the Earth. with annual periods.

28. For emergency landing You would prefer:

water. trees. buildings.

29. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

after being blown behind a mountain ridge. under a Cumulonimbus cloud. in rapid uncontrolable rotation.

30. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway. I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing. I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines.

31. You miscounted the landing approach and need to shorten it. You are 30 m above the ground:

In such altitude is best to make a 360 turn. By pulling tips of the wing via the right lines you can reduce the effective surface of the wing and glide under a better angle to the ground. By flying in figure eight or S turns you loose hight before the final glide.

32. During flight a pilot should have his cellphone (if it is available):

in the back harness pocket so it could not break or harm the pilot in case of accident. in any place, because he cannot telephone during flight anyway. in a place, where he can reach it by any hand from the flying position.

33. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud. to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it. to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind.

34. Flying a paraglider is allowed:

in VFR conditions during a day; a day is considered as a time period between sunrise and sunset. from sunset to sunrise. only during a day, which means between morning civil twilight and evening civil twilight or in a similar period of time which can be designated by a competent authority.

35. The aircraft, that is obliged by the rules to give way to another aircraft, must:

avoid by flying above or under or cross the other aircraft flight line at a sufficient distance. avoided so that the maintained vertical distance between aircrafts was 150 m. avoided so that the maintained horizontal distance between aircrafts was 300 m.

36. An aircraft in flight or moving on the ground must give way to the aircraft:

which is landing or in the final approach to the landing. which has no connection with the air traffic control cervices. which received permission for landing approach.

37. Two of the same category aircrafts are flying in one track against each other. Na vstřícné trati letí letadla stejné kategorie. Actions of avoidance are:

You will turn to the right, the other aircraft will turn to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the right. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the left.

38. VFR flights in Class G airspace must be carried out so that the aircraft flew:

at a distance to the clouds more than 1,5 km horizontally and 150 m vertically. outside the clouds with permanent ground visibility. at a distance to the clouds more than 5 km horizontally and 300 m vertically.

39. The aircraft must not fly at such a distance from other aircraft that would:

restrict the other aircraft. create a collision hazard. be less then 150m.

40. If two or more aircrafts heavier then air are approaching one airport with the intention to land and the avoidance rules do not apply, the priority of landing is as follows:

the aircraft flying on left gives way to the aircraft flying from right. the aircraft flying higher gives way to the lower flying aircraft. the slower aircraft gives way to the faster aircraft.

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

42. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

43. The A-B-C protocol in initial examination stands for:

1. open the Airway with a head tilt, 2. start the artificial respiration = Breathing, 3. start the chest Compressions. 1. check the Airway, 2. check the Breathing and 3. restore the Circulation (using Compressions). Anamnesis, Breathing,Chest injury check.

44. If one layer of pressure bandage is not enough to stop bleeding from a wound on leg:

We apply another 1 or 2 layers or, if still not enough, use a tourniquet. We take off the old bandage and apply a new one and tighten it better. We urge the arrival of emergency services and re-emphasize the urgency of the case.

45. During an improvised transport of an unconscious afflicted:

special attention should be payed to caution and head fixation. the process should be as fast as possible. caution is not important because the unconscious afflicted doesn’t feel pain anyway.

46. Resuscitation (animation) is needed to be performed if the afflicted:

is unresponsive, not moving and not breathing, or only "gasping" breaths are seen. is unresponsive, not moving, regardless of the state of breathing (a layperson is not able to reliably judge the respiratory status). is unresponsive and there is no pulse on carotid artery (the breathing state is not important).

47. The most effective anti shock precautions in laic first aid (after securing vital functions) are:

convenient position, thermal comfort, calming. thermal comfort, lots of sweet liquids, position on side. fracture fixing, wound and abrasions treatment.

48. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease. should be used for taking care of any injury. should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds.

49. Choose the true statement about the obligation to provide first aid:

Everyone who witnesses an accident is obliged to provide first aid, regardless of the severity of injury and danger. If there is serious injury, everybody is obliged to provide first aid; this assistance must not endanger the life or health of the firstaider. The obligation to provide first aid is only moral and it is not legally enforceable.

50. A paraglider in a spin fell nearby. On our approach he lies on his back, unconscious, not breathing, bluish. No clearly visible injury is obvious. We'll call an ambulance and firstly:

lay the afflicted in the anti-shock position with head underlaid. lay the afflicted in the stabilized position. free the airway by backward head tilt.