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Test - PL A

1. At the critical angle of attack:

the drag coefficient drops abruptly. the lift coefficient sharply increases. the lift coefficient reaches its maximum values, over further increasing of the angle of attack the lift coefficient decreases abruptly.

2. The lift on the aerofoil:

is created due to angle of attack and change of air temperature above and below of the wing. is generated by the Coriolis force and by equalizing pressure above and below the aerofoil. is created due to different speed of flow above nad below the aerofoil.

3. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

sudden increase of descent rate. decrease of steering forces. significant rise of forces in steering lines.

4. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio. the speed and drag ratio. the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio.

5. When increasing the angle of attack:

the lift coefficient and drag coefficient decrease. the lift coefficient and drag coefficient increase. the lift coefficient increases and drag coefficient decreases.

6. The angle of attack is:

the angle between aerofoil’s chord and the horizon line. the angle between the oncoming flow and the horizon line. the angle between the aerofoil’s chord and the oncoming flow.

7. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

8. The wing aspect ratio:

is a relationship between span and air foil thickness. is a relationship between span squared and wing surface. is a relationship between chord length and air foil thickens.

9. Convective activity in the mid-latitudes is the greatest:

in winter at midday. at noon. in summer at midday.

10. What weather conditions are expected in temperate latitudes over land in summer in the middle of a stationary area of high pressure?

Thunderstorms, clear air and strong winds. Weak winds, haze. Ns clouds.

11. Half of the weight of the earth's atmosphere is located in the bottom:

3 km 8 km 5 km

12. Lentil shaped elongated clouds:

indicate strong wind at hight and wind gusts danger. especially in summer indicate coming of a dangerous occluded front. occur mainly in the tropics; in our latitudes they appear rarely in the spring at the sudden change in temperature.

13. Which of clouds forming on the forehead of cold front is the most dangerous for air traffic?

Ns – nimbostratus Cb – cumulonimbus As – altostratus

14. In the northern hemisphere by proceeding vertically from the ground, the wind direction is somewhat different from the direction measured at the ground and it turns:

It doesn’t turn. right. left.

15. A prerequisite for the condensation of the saturated water vapor in the troposphere is the presence of condensation nuclei which are:

liquid particles. solid particles. solid and liquid particles.

16. B-stall is performed by:

by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers. by gradual pulling the first row risers.

17. How many items is there in the pre start check?

Three. Five. Seven.

18. What does the term „spin” mean?

Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. Symmetric paragider stall. A spiral.

19. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction.

20. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind in the valley by the landing zone. the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge. the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station.

21. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier. Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air.

22. Direction south is reported by:

180° 090° 360°

23. Magnetic north is a direction given by:

the compass needle free of any interferences. measurements on a map. the theoretical line intersecting the earth center and the surface of the earth in points called magnetic north and magnetic south.

24. The horizontal velocity is given:

in feet. in knots. in km/h, MPH or knots (kts).

25. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

topographic area. map projections. topographic situation.

26. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to focus on one landmark. to locate and identify several landmarks. to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft.

27. Contour lines are curves connecting points of the same:

negative hight, so called dephtines. alitude. declination.

28. When flying on speed system:

The paraglider is prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and it will be more stabile thanks to better flow. The paraglider will increase its speed and will be more prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses.

29. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him. He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field. He should step in the speed bar and make big ears.

30. Your last choice for emergency landing would always be:

a parking. water surface. electric wires.

31. If one side of canopy is stalled, the pilot should:

hold down the already pulled steering and counter-steer the rotation by weight-shift. release the steering continuously. pull the second steering fully and then release both.

32. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight. fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost.

33. After a tall tree landing:

you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK. you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.) you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed.

34. An aircraft in flight or moving on the ground must give way to the aircraft:

which is landing or in the final approach to the landing. which has no connection with the air traffic control cervices. which received permission for landing approach.

35. Two of the same category aircrafts are flying in one track against each other. Na vstřícné trati letí letadla stejné kategorie. Actions of avoidance are:

Both aircrafts will change their curse to the left. You will turn to the right, the other aircraft will turn to the left. Both aircrafts will change their curse to the right.

36. The definition of visibility is:

the ability to see forward from the cockpit of the aircraft in flight determined by meteorological conditions and expressed in units of distance. the ability to see and recognize outstanding unlighted objects by day and lights at night determined by atmospheric conditions and expressed in units of distance. the ability to see and recognize outstanding unlighted objects by day and lights at night from the cockpit of the aircraft in flight.

37. VFR flights in C, D and E classes airspace may be carried out at a distance from clouds:

only the first at the cloud base pilot can fly in into the cloud. at least 1500 m horizontally and 300 m vertically. outside the clouds and in visibility of ground.

38. A Czech paraglider technical certificate is issued:

always by a designated Paragliding Operations Inspector of LAA CR. always by a Paragliding Technical Inspector of LAA CR. by a producer’s technical inspector for category „P” and by LAA CR for category „Z”.

39. The pilot (aircraft commander) is in competence to:

to obey an operator's decision on the execution of a flight. to decide definitively on the execution of a flight. The pilot has no right to decide on the execution of a flight.

40. The dangerous airspace (LKD) is is an area where flying is:

prohibited. dangerous. restricted.

41. Initial examination includes:

finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

42. Risers are:

up-going thermal currents. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness. pilots who get up early.

43. The first aid basics of wounds and abrasions treatment are:

Covering; in improvised conditions we never clean the wound and do not remove any foreign object from it. Desinfecting the wound (in emergency using even concentrated alcohol), removing any foreign objects, covering. Removing any foreign objects by rinsing, disinfecting the wound area and covering bandage.

44. The most essential first aid actions that can be performed in the event of serious accident are:

fixing the bone fractures, treatment of wounds and abrasions. to stop heavy bleeding, clearing the airway and fight against heat loss. gentle transportation to the place of professional help.

45. Clearing the airway of unconscious patient is done primarily using:

stabilised position. forward head tilt. backward head tilt.

46. The best way of use of the „anti-shock” foil (thermal blanket) is:

The afflicted is carefully covered with it. It is laid under the afflicted. The afflicted is tightly wraped into it including head, only face is uncovered.

47. Choose the true statement about tactics when you are a witness of a severe injury:

Before calling an emergency service it is appropriate to make at least indicative examination where the accident happened, what happened and how many affected there are. First, you need to restore vital functions as quickly as possible, and only then deal with calling for help. If we witness an accident, we call emergency service after a thorough examination, to make sure that the situation is really serious.

48. „Surgical” rubber gloves:

should be used for taking care of any injury. should be used only in treatment of heavy bleeding or dirty wounds. are suitable for treatment of patients suspected of infectious disease.

49. In improvised conditions fracture fixing is:

needed in exceptional cases if manipulation with the patient before professional medical services arrival is necessary. necessary in case of open fracture. a priority first aid objective.

50. If one layer of pressure bandage is not enough to stop bleeding from a wound on leg:

We apply another 1 or 2 layers or, if still not enough, use a tourniquet. We take off the old bandage and apply a new one and tighten it better. We urge the arrival of emergency services and re-emphasize the urgency of the case.