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Test - PL A

1. The separation of streamlines is when:

the streamlines leave the aerofoil after copying its shape. the airflow becomes detached from the surface of the aerofoil. turbulent flow around the upper surface of the wing switches to laminar flow.

2. The optimal gliding ratio can be flown:

with just one angle of attack. with two different angles of attack. with critical angle of attack.

3. What kind of change of flow speed and static pressure causes the widening of streamlines in a specified place?

The speed will decrease, the static pressure will increase. The speed will decrease, the static pressure will decrease. The speed will increase, the static pressure will increase.

4. When a paraglider is in steady flight in an ideal environment (no wind) at a glide ratio 6, then it means that:

it will fly 6 km far from the altitude of 1 km. it will fly 1 km far from the altitude of 6 km. its velocity is 6 m/s.

5. The main cause of the stall is always:

exceeding the critical angle of attack. the start of transition of laminar flow into turbulent flow on the surface of the glider. decreasing the flight speed under the minimum forward ground speed in a steady flight.

6. The induced drag can be reduced by:

the wing arrow and air foil thickness. aspect ratio and favorable wing tip shape. the air foil thickness and special

7. A paraglider stall occures when:

the pilot breaks too much. the glider overcomes the pilot when taking off. the speed system is pushed too fast.

8. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

gravity force and lift plus drag. lift and drag. thrust and weight, drag and lift.

9. What ground level weather is usually associated with a permanent area of high pressure over the mainland in winter?

Fog tendency and low St-type cloudiness. Thunderstorms. Ns cloudiness with permanent rain.

10. Which types of clouds are typical for a warm front cloud system:

Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus, Cb – cumulonimbus Sc – stratocumulus, Ac – altocumulus, Cc – cirocumulus Ns – nimbostratus, As – altostratus, Cs – cirostratus

11. The beginning of thunder storm is characterized by:

persistent ascending currents. frequent lightning. rain on the earth's surface.

12. Clouds in troposphere form from:

water vapor. Nitrogen. Oxygen.

13. Among the clouds with a great vertical development is:

Cb – cumulonimbus Ac – altocumulus Cc – cirocumulus

14. Which of the following processes in the air layer may lead to the formation of cumulus and cumulonimbus cloudiness?

Subsidence. Stable air layers lifting on frontal boundary. Convection.

15. What temperature stratification is favorable for the occurence of vertical motions in the troposphere?

indifferent stable instable

16. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air. Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier.

17. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and can collapse. the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

18. B-stall is performed by:

by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers. by gradual pulling the first row risers.

19. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

decreased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. increased.

20. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight.

21. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

22. Course is measured in degrees from north:

clockwise to the east and counterclockwise to the west. counterclockwise. clockwise.

23. Geographical North and South:

do not change location. change location depending on annual periods. are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism.

24. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

topographic situation. topographic area. map projections.

25. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

perpendicularly to the wind from left. with the wind. against the wind.

26. The most suitable maps for aeronautical navigation are:

maps with 1 : 500 000 scale. the maps which truly reflect the topographic situation and angles. those with precise angles.

27. The horizontal velocity is given:

in feet. in km/h, MPH or knots (kts). in knots.

28. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

turning only in the side where the steering line is OK. steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute. steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers.

29. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines. I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway. I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing.

30. When landing in water surface a pilot should steer the glider:

against the wind. with the wind from a side. with the wind.

31. For emergency landing a pilot would rather choose:

a forest road. a lonely tree. dense forest.

32. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers. a life jacket and a flare. a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes.

33. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground. to pull the steering fully. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground.

34. The definition of visibility is:

the ability to see forward from the cockpit of the aircraft in flight determined by meteorological conditions and expressed in units of distance. the ability to see and recognize outstanding unlighted objects by day and lights at night from the cockpit of the aircraft in flight. the ability to see and recognize outstanding unlighted objects by day and lights at night determined by atmospheric conditions and expressed in units of distance.

35. If two or more aircrafts heavier then air are approaching one airport with the intention to land and the avoidance rules do not apply, the priority of landing is as follows:

the slower aircraft gives way to the faster aircraft. the aircraft flying on left gives way to the aircraft flying from right. the aircraft flying higher gives way to the lower flying aircraft.

36. An aircraft having priority must maintain its course and speed:

This rule does not relieve the aircraft commander of responsibility to carry out such measures that will the best prevent a collision. The course must be kept but speed can be changed. These conditions must not be changed.

37. The pilot (aircraft commander) is in competence to:

to obey an operator's decision on the execution of a flight. to decide definitively on the execution of a flight. The pilot has no right to decide on the execution of a flight.

38. What is it CTR?

Terminal controlled area. Control zone of an airport. An air space where VFR flights are forbidden.

39. The upper limit of class E airspace is:

FL 85 (2600 m) FL 95 (2900 m) FL 125 (3800 m)

40. Airport operations are:

all vehicles and persons operations on the aerodrome area. all traffic at the aerodrome area and all aircrafts flying in the vicinity of the airport. all flying aircrafts and aircrafts on the aerodrome operational area.

41. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing.

43. Chest compression during resuscitation is performed:

by the lower end of chest bone. in the middle of chest bone. next to left nipple.

44. During an unsuccessful landing a pilot flew through a window and cut his wrist so badly that the wound is heavily bleeding, blood squirts. 10 cm long piece of broken glass projects from the wound. The afflicted person is conscious, pale, complaining of pain in his right ankle which is evidently deformed. We'll call an ambulance and:

put the afflicted in a semi sitting position, pull out the sherd and apply compressing bandage. fix the leg, lay the afflicted in the anti shock position, lift the wounded hand up and if the bleeding doesn’t stop, apply a compressing bandage. lay the afflicted down on his back with legs lifted, apply a tourniquet on his forearm tightening it gently. We do not pull out the piece of glass on principle.

45. The most essential first aid actions that can be performed in the event of serious accident are:

gentle transportation to the place of professional help. fixing the bone fractures, treatment of wounds and abrasions. to stop heavy bleeding, clearing the airway and fight against heat loss.

46. The telephone number of medical emergency service in the Czech Republic is:

150 158 155

47. "Gasping breaths" mean:

individual breaths in noticeably long intervals by the unconscious afflicted; these breaths are typical for cardiac arrest. noticeably noisy breaths in fast pace; these breaths are typical for developing shock-like state. noticeably fast but quiet and shallow breathing, typical for a patient with an airway obstruction.

48. Unless prevented by special circumstances, the best for the accident afflicted is:

a position on the side („stabilized” or „recovery” position). the "Anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible„ a position that the afflicted person wants to take.

49. The best way of use of the „anti-shock” foil (thermal blanket) is:

The afflicted is tightly wraped into it including head, only face is uncovered. The afflicted is carefully covered with it. It is laid under the afflicted.

50. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

hanging in a triangular bandage. using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too).