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Test - PL A

1. On which part of the glider canopy is the largest lift, seen from the front?

In the middle of the glider. At the side parts of the glider. The lift is evenly distributed.

2. There are aerodynamic forces generated on a body in flow. They are called:

lift and overpressure. lift, mass and drag. the resultant aerodynamic force which is sum of lift and drag.

3. Lift is:

the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile. an area resistance given by the angle of attack. a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force.

4. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio. the speed and drag ratio. the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio.

5. In the moment of flying in a sinking currant the angle of attack:

does not change. decreases. increases.

6. If the pilot weight increases, the wing glide ratio:

decreases. increases. stays the same.

7. At minimum speed:

the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the longest. the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the farthest. the paraglider or powered paraglider is close to stall.

8. The separation of streamlines is when:

turbulent flow around the upper surface of the wing switches to laminar flow. the streamlines leave the aerofoil after copying its shape. the airflow becomes detached from the surface of the aerofoil.

9. Clouds in troposphere form from:

Oxygen. Nitrogen. water vapor.

10. What temperature stratification is favorable for the occurence of vertical motions in the troposphere?

indifferent instable stable

11. Mass storms occur:

mostly during the night. anytime. mostly in the afternoon and evening in the hours of the highest ground temperatures.

12. Which of the following processes in the air layer may lead to the formation of cumulus and cumulonimbus cloudiness?

Subsidence. Convection. Stable air layers lifting on frontal boundary.

13. Wind significantly affects air traffic:

in all its stages. during landing and takeoff, but not in flight at flight level. only in flight at flight level.

14. The land breeze:

blows during a day and is stronger than the see breeze. blows at night and is weaker than the see breeze. blows during a day and is weaker than the see breeze.

15. What prevents the air flow from areas of high pressure directly into the area of low air pressure?

Friction on the earth's surface. The force caused by the pressure gradient. The Coriolis force.

16. The heading of aircraft and its direction of movement compare to ground is:

always the same. the same when flying in no wind or exactly against the wind or with the wind. the same when flying in no wind or with the wind exactly from left or right.

17. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air. Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces.

18. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse. the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

19. Spiral is performed by:

a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side. pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation.

20. The take off direction and place choice is subject to:

the wind at the take off considering the wind direction above the mountain ridge. the wind in the valley by the landing zone. the wind reported by the nearest meteorological station.

21. B-stall is performed by:

by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers. by gradual pulling the first row risers.

22. 045 degrees is direction:

north west. south west. north east.

23. Geographical meridian is:

a half of meridian circle. a circle around the globe. a segment of a circle whose plane is perpendicular to the earth's axis.

24. The horizontal velocity is given:

in km/h, MPH or knots (kts). in feet. in knots.

25. Comparative navigation involves:

comparison of data of navigation devices (GPS) with a map. comparing terrain with a map and vice versa. comparing the calculated times with the reality.

26. Magnetic course is measured:

from geographical north of local meridian. from bearing indicator. from prime meridian.

27. The difference between UTC and Central European (CET) time is:

There is no difference. 2 hours. 1 hour.

28. For emergency landing a pilot would rather choose:

a lonely tree. a forest road. dense forest.

29. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing. I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway. I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines.

30. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost. turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight.

31. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes. a life jacket and a flare. a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers.

32. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground. to pull the steering fully. to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground.

33. When flying on speed system:

The paraglider will increase its speed and it will be more stabile thanks to better flow. The paraglider is prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and will be more prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses.

34. A "P" technical certificate of a paraglider may be issued:

to any paraglider produced by a manufacturer authorized by LAA CR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR. only to a paraglider which successfully passed its test program in accordance with AFNOR, PL - 2, DHV or CEN.

35. When two light aircrafts are flying on intersecting tracks in free space, the right of way is of the light aircraft flying:

from the left. from the right. against the sun.

36. To recalculate a figure in meters into figure in feet we use the simplified formula:

(m x 3) : 10 (m x 3) + 10% (m : 10) x 3

37. Verifying whether a paraglider technical certificate is valid is a duty of:

the aircraft commander (pilot). the operator. the head of air traffic.

38. A Czech paraglider technical certificate is issued:

always by a Paragliding Technical Inspector of LAA CR. by a producer’s technical inspector for category „P” and by LAA CR for category „Z”. always by a designated Paragliding Operations Inspector of LAA CR.

39. LAA regulation, which governs the rules of flying a paraglider in the Czech Republic is called:

PL - 2 ZL - 1 ZL - 3

40. Except for takeoff or landing, or except by permit issued by the Aviation Authority, a VFR flight must be conducted over the congested areas or gathering of people in the open air at a height that may not be less than:

300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 300 m from the aircraft. 300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft. 150 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft.

41. Initial examination includes:

finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. sun and wrong packing. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

43. Resuscitation (animation) is needed to be performed if the afflicted:

is unresponsive, not moving and not breathing, or only "gasping" breaths are seen. is unresponsive, not moving, regardless of the state of breathing (a layperson is not able to reliably judge the respiratory status). is unresponsive and there is no pulse on carotid artery (the breathing state is not important).

44. Choose the true statement about heat loss after an injury:

Maintaining body temperature is one of the most energy-intensive vital processes. Fight against heat loss therefore belongs - especially with severe injuries - amongst life-saving acts with high priority. Mild hypothermia is in terms of first aid advantageous because it inhibits the metabolic processes and thus slows the onset of shock. Severe and prolonged hypothermia is harmful, preventing heat loss is therefore of particular importance for injuries in the winter and in poorly accessible terrain. Preventing heat loss is especially important because possible hypothermia is unpleasant and stressful for the afflicted. But this is not the priority for first aid.

45. Choose the true statement about a position of an unconscious afflicted:

The unconscious afflicted must not be moved to eliminate the risk of further spine and spinal cord damage. The unconscious injury afflicted should always be placed on his back with his head tilted back. If the afflicted is reliably breathing in the current position, we leave him in this position.

46. During an improvised transport of an unconscious afflicted:

caution is not important because the unconscious afflicted doesn’t feel pain anyway. the process should be as fast as possible. special attention should be payed to caution and head fixation.

47. Improvised tourniquet is to be applied:

only at arm or thigh, between a wound and heart. always about 10 - 15 cm above the wound. anywhere between the wound and heart.

48. "Gasping breaths" mean:

individual breaths in noticeably long intervals by the unconscious afflicted; these breaths are typical for cardiac arrest. noticeably noisy breaths in fast pace; these breaths are typical for developing shock-like state. noticeably fast but quiet and shallow breathing, typical for a patient with an airway obstruction.

49. During an improvised transport of an afflicted:

the specific position is not a question but the fact that the afflicted is fixed and the position does not change suddenly. the head should be placed so that it could move in response to terrain unevenness. the limbs should be stretched along the long axis of body.

50. If improvised transport of an insured PG pilot is necessary (for example in difficult terrain), as the best means of transport will serve:

his paragliding harness. the canopy folded in a suitable rectangular shape. into a stretcher tied straight branches.