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Test - PL A

1. When the surface load changes the glide ratio:

changes because the relation between lift and drag does not change. does not change because the relation between lift coefficient and drag coefficient does not change. changes because effective bearing area is the same.

2. The lift coefficient is influenced the most by:

the air foil curving. the air foil thickness. the speed of flow.

3. The main cause of the stall is always:

the start of transition of laminar flow into turbulent flow on the surface of the glider. exceeding the critical angle of attack. decreasing the flight speed under the minimum forward ground speed in a steady flight.

4. On the bottom side of the wing in flight there is:

overpressure. no pressure. negative pressure.

5. The total weight of a pilot with all equipment is 100 kg and the area of the glider is 25 m2. The surface load of the paraglider is:

4 kg/m3 0.4 kg/m3 0.25 kg/m3

6. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the speed and drag ratio. the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio. the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio.

7. The lift on the aerofoil is created by:

the force of flowing air from front of the aerofoil (when the angel of attack is positive). densification of streamlines above the aerofoil, the top surface of the aerofoil thus generates a negative pressure; below the aerofoil the streamlines expand and thereby an overpressure occurs beneath the aerofoil. densification of streamlines below the aerofoil, the lower surface of the aerofoil thus generates a negative pressure; above the aerofoil the streamlines expand and thereby an overpressure occurs above the aerofoil.

8. Turbulent flow is:

the flow of air particles in different directions. the flow of air particles in the same direction. when the air particles are not moving.

9. What are the other two conditions, besides forces causing air lift, necessary for the creation of a thunderstorm?

Unstable conditions and high air humidity. Unstable conditions and low air pressure. Stable conditions and high air pressure.

10. Thermal turbulence originates:

in a hilly terrain. in uneven heating of the Earth surface. in air heated by the ground in unstable air conditions.

11. If a paraglider or powered paraglider pilot sees a Cumulonimbus cloud while flying, he should:

fly under the cloud in a safe vertical distance from its cloud base. fly around the storm area in a safe distance. land on a suitable landing field as soon as possible.

12. The high pressure - anticyclone - is the area of:

high atmospheric pressure with the highest value in its middle. high atmospheric pressure with the highest value on its border. high atmospheric pressure rising in particular direction.

13. Among high level clouds are:

St – stratus, Sc – stratocumulus Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus Cc – cirrocumulus, Cs – cirrostratus

14. In practice we converse wind speed in m/s into kt by formula:

1 m/s ~ 2 kt 1 m/s ~ 3 kt 1 m/s ~ 1 kt

15. Which of the listed fog types is usually dissolved by increasing surface wind speed?

Frontal fog. Radiation fog. Advection fog.

16. When entering a thermal current:

the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning. the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake.

17. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate. weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight.

18. The heading of aircraft and its direction of movement compare to ground is:

the same when flying in no wind or exactly against the wind or with the wind. always the same. the same when flying in no wind or with the wind exactly from left or right.

19. I increase the flight speed by:

depressing the speed system. pulling a bit of steering. pulling the trimmers.

20. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

increased. unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. decreased.

21. What does the term „spin” mean?

Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. Symmetric paragider stall. A spiral.

22. The most suitable maps for aeronautical navigation are:

those with precise angles. maps with 1 : 500 000 scale. the maps which truly reflect the topographic situation and angles.

23. The globe is:

a net of coordinate lines. ideal sphere. a rotating ellipsoid flattened at the poles.

24. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to locate and identify several landmarks. to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft. to focus on one landmark.

25. Comparative navigation involves:

comparison of data of navigation devices (GPS) with a map. comparing the calculated times with the reality. comparing terrain with a map and vice versa.

26. The difference between UTC and Central European Summer Time (CEST) time is:

1 hour. There is no difference. 2 hours.

27. The location of geographical and magnetic poles is:

identical. not identical. The magnetic pole is always to the east from the geographical pole.

28. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground. to pull the steering fully.

29. Before a landing into still water it is necessary:

to undo the harness buckles so it was possible to leave it at the moment of contact with water. to jump out of the harness about 3 to 5 m above the water surface. to turn the glider against the wind.

30. After an asymmetric collapse the correct procedure is:

pulling the steering on the not collapsed side quickly and fully to help the regeneration of the canopy. no sudden piloting inputs; a certified paraglider will return into straight flight itself. weight shift in the not collapsed side of the glider and brake the same side slightly to stop rotation.maximálně se vyklonit na nezaklopenou stranu a také ji přibrzdit tak, aby nedošlo k rotaci

31. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field. He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him. He should step in the speed bar and make big ears.

32. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

using the reserve parachute. stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft. to execute a descending maneuvre.

33. After a tall tree landing:

you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.) you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed. you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK.

34. In G class airspace there is:

a request of permanent two way connection. no request of connection. a request of connection for flights above 150 m AGL.

35. TMA (Terminal Control Area)

can be flown under only with a two way radio communication with AFIS. cannot be flown under or over. can be flown under.

36. After landing at the airport, the altimeter set to the airport QFE indicates:

0. the airport altitude in standard atmosphere. the airport altitude AMSL.

37. A pilot must have a valid pilot's license on him:

at every flight. at every cross country flight. at a flight outside the airport.

38. The minimum age of student for beginning of theoretical and practical paragliding training in the Czech Republic is:

15 years with the consent of his legal guardians. 16 years with the consent of his legal guardians. 14 years with the consent of his legal guardians.

39. VFR flights in Class G airspace must be carried out so that the aircraft flew:

at a distance to the clouds more than 5 km horizontally and 300 m vertically. outside the clouds with permanent ground visibility. at a distance to the clouds more than 1,5 km horizontally and 150 m vertically.

40. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace with a permanent information service. a segregated airspace with air traffic control service. a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations.

41. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

43. If the arrival of a rescue helicopter is expected, rescuers on the ground should stand so that:

they were always in the visual field of the helicopter pilot. they were in the best possible place for a landing; just before touchdown they move in front of the helicopter. they were evenly distributed around the expected landing site and they could prevent potential arrival of other persons.

44. Clearing the airway of unconscious patient is done primarily using:

backward head tilt. forward head tilt. stabilised position.

45. During an improvised transport of an unconscious afflicted:

caution is not important because the unconscious afflicted doesn’t feel pain anyway. the process should be as fast as possible. special attention should be payed to caution and head fixation.

46. "Gasping breaths" mean:

individual breaths in noticeably long intervals by the unconscious afflicted; these breaths are typical for cardiac arrest. noticeably noisy breaths in fast pace; these breaths are typical for developing shock-like state. noticeably fast but quiet and shallow breathing, typical for a patient with an airway obstruction.

47. In practice, we can recognize the malfunction of blood stream (cardiac arrest) by the fact that:

we cannot feel the heart beating on the chest. the afflicted is unresponsive, does not breath or does only gasping breaths and does not move. we cannot feel the pulse at the carotid artery.

48. The most effective anti shock precautions in laic first aid (after securing vital functions) are:

fracture fixing, wound and abrasions treatment. convenient position, thermal comfort, calming. thermal comfort, lots of sweet liquids, position on side.

49. Signal to perform by a person on the ground to cancel the need of rescue helicopter landing is:

to stand with one arm up and second arm along the body (a paraphrase of the letter N). to stand and rhythmically move arms up and down wit palms turned upwards. to wave by any object of red color.

50. If one layer of pressure bandage is not enough to stop bleeding from a wound on leg:

We apply another 1 or 2 layers or, if still not enough, use a tourniquet. We take off the old bandage and apply a new one and tighten it better. We urge the arrival of emergency services and re-emphasize the urgency of the case.