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Test - PL A

1. The wing aspect ratio:

is a relationship between span squared and wing surface. is a relationship between span and air foil thickness. is a relationship between chord length and air foil thickens.

2. In the moment of flying in a sinking currant the angle of attack:

decreases. increases. does not change.

3. Induced drag:

arises as a result of interference between flows around different parts of an aircraft. arises as a result of parasitic energy induced by air rfiction around an aircraft. arises as a result of air flow from the lower wing surface, around the wingtip, towards the upper wing surface due to a pressure difference.

4. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

the weight of the aircraft and lift. the gravity force and resultant aerodynamic force. the drag and the gravity force.

5. What size and direction is the resultant aerodynamic force in a steady gliding flight?

It is the same size and of the opposite direction as the gravityy force. It is equally oriented but smaller then gravity force and that is why the paraglider in steady air always descends. It is oppositely oriented but smaller then gravity force and that is why the paraglider in steady air always descends.

6. The glide ratio relative to ground:

is not changing when flying in wind because the bearing area is still the same. is changing with weight changes. is changing when flying in wind.

7. The separation of streamlines is when:

the streamlines leave the aerofoil after copying its shape. the airflow becomes detached from the surface of the aerofoil. turbulent flow around the upper surface of the wing switches to laminar flow.

8. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

lift and drag. gravity force and lift plus drag. thrust and weight, drag and lift.

9. At a stable temperature stratification and strong wind which increases with height, behind a terrain obstacle occures a flow fenomenon called:

Wave. Vortex. Turbulence.

10. The change of physical state ice - water vapor is called:

evaporation sublimation condensation

11. Low level cloud can be:

Ci – cirrus St – stratus Ac – altocumulus

12. What type of precipitation can be expected on an active cold front?

Showers and thunderstorms. Light persistent rain. Drizzle.

13. The stratification of air in an inversion layer is:

indifferent. unstable. stable.

14. The basic cause of mechanical turbulence is:

wind and configuration of terrain. the air mass humidity and temperature. the air mass stratification.

15. Which of the following types of cloud is considered low level cloud?

Ns St As

16. Spiral is performed by:

a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side. pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation.

17. The take off control includes:

the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments. the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing.

18. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

at the top of the mountain. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower.

19. I increase the flight speed by:

pulling a bit of steering. depressing the speed system. pulling the trimmers.

20. The heading of aircraft and its direction of movement compare to ground is:

the same when flying in no wind or with the wind exactly from left or right. always the same. the same when flying in no wind or exactly against the wind or with the wind.

21. When entering a downdraft:

the canopy tilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and there is a danger of frontal collapse.

22. Comparative navigation involves:

comparing the calculated times with the reality. comparison of data of navigation devices (GPS) with a map. comparing terrain with a map and vice versa.

23. Time of sunrise and sunset varies:

depending on the intensity of sunlight. with annual periods. influenced by the magnetic field of the Earth.

24. When comparing the map with the terrain the most important is:

accurate watch. accurate compass. to carefully view the terrain ahead of the aircraft, alongside the aircraft and consistently compare the map with the terrain.

25. Contour lines are curves connecting points of the same:

negative hight, so called dephtines. alitude. declination.

26. The earth axix is a line intersecting the center of the earth perpendicularly to the equator. The points where this line intersects the earth surface are called poles and they are:

the magnetic poles. the geological poles. the marine poles.

27. Geographic coordinates indicate:

certain geographical location. time zone position. certain place name.

28. If a pilot is being dragged by strong wind along the ground, he should:

wait until the glider stops itself. pull the steering lines or rear lines/risers. pull the A risers or lines.

29. When flying on speed system:

The paraglider will increase its speed and will be more prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider is prone to symmetrical or asymmetrical collapses. The paraglider will increase its speed and it will be more stabile thanks to better flow.

30. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should step in the speed bar and make big ears. He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field. He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him.

31. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it. to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind. to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud.

32. If one side of canopy is stalled, the pilot should:

hold down the already pulled steering and counter-steer the rotation by weight-shift. release the steering continuously. pull the second steering fully and then release both.

33. The reserve parachute is used so that:

Pull the rezerve parachute handle; when the needles are torn out, the reserve parachute opening system is activated. Pull the reserve parachute from the harness and throw it into a free space letting go the handle too. By pulling the handle the reserve parachute is activated; the handle can be lost.

34. A light aircraft can be steered by:

a pilot who holds a valid pilot license with the appropriate qualifications or a person authorized by the light aircraft operator in the presence of the pilot, or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum. a pilot who holds a valid pilot license with the appropriate qualifications or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum. a pilot who holds a valid assessment on medical fitness or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum.

35. The upper limit of LKP airspace is:

in FL 125. in various altitudes (see AIP or valid ICAO map). in 1500 m AMSL.

36. The period of validity of the medical certificate on health ability for Czech pilots is:

24 months for persons between 35 and 60 years of age. 12 months for persons above 60 years of age. 36 months for persons between 30 and 60 years of age.

37. Upper limit of G class airspace is in:

300 m AMSL 300 m STD 300 m AGL

38. Can I meet an airliner in Class E airspace?

Only in clouds. No. Yes.

39. Airport operations are:

all flying aircrafts and aircrafts on the aerodrome operational area. all vehicles and persons operations on the aerodrome area. all traffic at the aerodrome area and all aircrafts flying in the vicinity of the airport.

40. The dangerous airspace (LKD) is is an area where flying is:

dangerous. prohibited. restricted.

41. Initial examination includes:

fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. sun and wrong packing. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

43. Choose the true statement about a position of an unconscious afflicted:

If the afflicted is reliably breathing in the current position, we leave him in this position. The unconscious injury afflicted should always be placed on his back with his head tilted back. The unconscious afflicted must not be moved to eliminate the risk of further spine and spinal cord damage.

44. Signal to perform by a person on the ground to cancel the need of rescue helicopter landing is:

to stand with one arm up and second arm along the body (a paraphrase of the letter N). to wave by any object of red color. to stand and rhythmically move arms up and down wit palms turned upwards.

45. During an improvised transport of an unconscious afflicted:

special attention should be payed to caution and head fixation. caution is not important because the unconscious afflicted doesn’t feel pain anyway. the process should be as fast as possible.

46. If the unconscious afflicted is not breathing:

First we try to free the airway. We start the resuscitation immediately. We promptly transport him to the professional medical service.

47. An afflicted suddenly collapsed during the ascent of the hill, he is lying down not moving, takes a deep breath about once in twenty seconds. Another witness of the incident tries to feel pulse on his neck and reports weak and rapid pulse. It is necessary to call for help immediately and:

Turn the afflicted into a stabilized position because there is a risk of vomit aspiration. Initiate artificial respiration because this breathing frequency is too low. Indirect heart massage is not needed because there are heartbeats and massage might damage lungs. Initiate resuscitation. So called "gasping breaths" are typical of sudden cardiac arrest. Pulse palpation by layman is unreliable and is not used for large number of errors - the first aider can feel his own heartbeat.

48. For the quality of resuscitation, the most crucial is:

the deepest compressions. timely starting and continuity of compressions. the highest possible frequency of compressions.

49. During ridge soaring after a collapse about 10 meters above ground a pilot landed hard on his left side; He is obviously shaken, however gets up, then collapses, is pale, reports pain in his hip, shakes, he wants to sleep, a little confused, but strictly refuses an offered call for an ambulance. The procedure will be:

We are trying to calm him down, keep him in a position which is the most comfortable for him, cover him and call the emergency services. We lay him in shade into semi sitting position and check him occasionally during flying. If his condition gets worse, we call help. We lay him in the anti-shock position with his feet up, cover him and call an ambulance.

50. The signal to the rescue helicopter from persons on the ground is done:

by waving any object of bright color. by standing with arms stretched sideways in A shape. by standing with arms up in Y shape.