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Test - PL A

1. If the pilot weight increases the paraglider or powered paraglider speed:

increases. does not change. decreases.

2. The induced drag can be reduced by:

the air foil thickness and special aspect ratio and favorable wing tip shape. the wing arrow and air foil thickness.

3. On the bottom side of the wing in flight there is:

overpressure. negative pressure. no pressure.

4. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

thrust and weight, drag and lift. gravity force and lift plus drag. lift and drag.

5. Lift is:

an area resistance given by the angle of attack. a force generated by flow around a profile perpendicular to the drag force. the resultant aerodynamic force generated by flow around a profile.

6. The main cause of the stall is always:

the start of transition of laminar flow into turbulent flow on the surface of the glider. decreasing the flight speed under the minimum forward ground speed in a steady flight. exceeding the critical angle of attack.

7. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

sudden increase of descent rate. decrease of steering forces. significant rise of forces in steering lines.

8. In a normal steady flight:

there is negative pressure on the upper surface and overpressure on the lower surface of the wing. there is overpressure on the upper and lower surface of the wing. there is overpressure on the upper surface and negative pressure on the lower surface of the wing.

9. The change of physical state ice - water vapor is called:

evaporation condensation sublimation

10. Frontal fog forms usually on:

II. type cold fronts. stationary fronts. worm fronts.

11. With increasing height, atmospheric pressure:

decreases and in the hight of 5.5 km is a half of its value at the see level. increases and in the hight of 5.5 km is double of its value at the see level. does not change.

12. Wind significantly affects air traffic:

only in flight at flight level. during landing and takeoff, but not in flight at flight level. in all its stages.

13. Dew point is:

the height of the zero isotherm. a place over which a cloud will form. the temperature to which air must be cooled to induce condensation.

14. Which of the following clouds can spread over several levels (according to hight levels of clouds)?

Nimbostratus Altocumulus Cirrus

15. The valley wind is blowing:

along the mountain valley axis at daytime up to the mountains (against the river stream). across the valley due to winds aloft. across the valley up the mountain slopes.

16. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

17. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake. the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn. the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning.

18. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. at the top of the mountain.

19. The take off control includes:

the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments.

20. By releasing the speed system the flight speed is:

unaffected; only the angle of attack increases. increased. decreased.

21. B-stall is performed by:

by gradual pulling the rear row risers. by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the first row risers.

22. Course is measured in degrees from north:

counterclockwise. clockwise. clockwise to the east and counterclockwise to the west.

23. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft. to focus on one landmark. to locate and identify several landmarks.

24. 9 cm in map with 1 : 500 000 scale refers of real distance:

50 km 45 km 60 km

25. Geographic coordinates indicate:

certain place name. time zone position. certain geographical location.

26. Time of sunrise and sunset varies:

depending on the intensity of sunlight. influenced by the magnetic field of the Earth. with annual periods.

27. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

map projections. topographic situation. topographic area.

28. In strong wind a pilot flew in a place where his ground speed against the wind is zero:

He should step in the speed bar and make big ears. He should fly with sidewind or windwards as the terrain allows as far as possible to an alternative landing field. He should keep flying against the wind and emergency-land in the terrain below him.

29. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

in rapid uncontrolable rotation. under a Cumulonimbus cloud. after being blown behind a mountain ridge.

30. You miscounted the landing approach and need to shorten it. You are 30 m above the ground:

By flying in figure eight or S turns you loose hight before the final glide. In such altitude is best to make a 360 turn. By pulling tips of the wing via the right lines you can reduce the effective surface of the wing and glide under a better angle to the ground.

31. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull the steering fully. to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground.

32. If I stall the glider:

I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I hold the steering down firmly. I release the steering continuously. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I release the steering quickly.

33. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers. turning only in the side where the steering line is OK. steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute.

34. The upper limit of LKP airspace is:

in FL 125. in 1500 m AMSL. in various altitudes (see AIP or valid ICAO map).

35. The dangerous airspace (LKD) is is an area where flying is:

prohibited. dangerous. restricted.

36. The period of validity of the medical certificate on health ability for Czech pilots is:

36 months for persons between 30 and 60 years of age. 24 months for persons between 35 and 60 years of age. 12 months for persons above 60 years of age.

37. After landing at the airport, the altimeter set to the airport QFE indicates:

the airport altitude AMSL. the airport altitude in standard atmosphere. 0.

38. The minimum allowed flight visibility in class E airspace is:

5 km 8 km 1,5 km

39. Conducting a paragliding training is only allowed to:

a competition pilot, a PG instructor and a PG instructor in training. a PG instructor and a PG instructor in training. a sport pilot and a PG instructor.

40. The aircraft, that is obliged by the rules to give way to another aircraft, must:

avoided so that the maintained horizontal distance between aircrafts was 300 m. avoid by flying above or under or cross the other aircraft flight line at a sufficient distance. avoided so that the maintained vertical distance between aircrafts was 150 m.

41. Risers are:

up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness.

42. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass. sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion.

43. After applying tourniquet the wound is still bleeding:

Loosen the tourniquet and lift the afflicted limb up. The tourniquet needs tightening. We need to use another compress bandage.

44. Resuscitation can be (among others) terminated:

after 20 min of performing it without any obvious effect. if it has reliably been found that the afflicted is older than 70 years. when consciousness is restored - the patient begins to respond.

45. An afflicted suddenly collapsed during the ascent of the hill, he is lying down not moving, takes a deep breath about once in twenty seconds. Another witness of the incident tries to feel pulse on his neck and reports weak and rapid pulse. It is necessary to call for help immediately and:

Initiate resuscitation. So called "gasping breaths" are typical of sudden cardiac arrest. Pulse palpation by layman is unreliable and is not used for large number of errors - the first aider can feel his own heartbeat. Initiate artificial respiration because this breathing frequency is too low. Indirect heart massage is not needed because there are heartbeats and massage might damage lungs. Turn the afflicted into a stabilized position because there is a risk of vomit aspiration.

46. Choose the true statement about tactics when you are a witness of a severe injury:

Before calling an emergency service it is appropriate to make at least indicative examination where the accident happened, what happened and how many affected there are. First, you need to restore vital functions as quickly as possible, and only then deal with calling for help. If we witness an accident, we call emergency service after a thorough examination, to make sure that the situation is really serious.

47. The signal to the rescue helicopter from persons on the ground is done:

by standing with arms up in Y shape. by waving any object of bright color. by standing with arms stretched sideways in A shape.

48. Choose the true statement about heat loss after an injury:

Maintaining body temperature is one of the most energy-intensive vital processes. Fight against heat loss therefore belongs - especially with severe injuries - amongst life-saving acts with high priority. Preventing heat loss is especially important because possible hypothermia is unpleasant and stressful for the afflicted. But this is not the priority for first aid. Mild hypothermia is in terms of first aid advantageous because it inhibits the metabolic processes and thus slows the onset of shock. Severe and prolonged hypothermia is harmful, preventing heat loss is therefore of particular importance for injuries in the winter and in poorly accessible terrain.

49. The most effective anti shock precautions in laic first aid (after securing vital functions) are:

convenient position, thermal comfort, calming. fracture fixing, wound and abrasions treatment. thermal comfort, lots of sweet liquids, position on side.

50. In improvised conditions fracture fixing is:

necessary in case of open fracture. needed in exceptional cases if manipulation with the patient before professional medical services arrival is necessary. a priority first aid objective.