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Test - PL A

1. When a paraglider is in steady flight in an ideal environment (no wind) at a glide ratio 6, then it means that:

it is flying at the speed of 6 m/s and the lift of the paraglider is 6 times greater then its drag. the lift is 6 times greater then the drag. the lift of the paraglider is 6 times less then its drag.

2. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the speed and drag ratio. the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio. the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio.

3. The dynamic stability of a paraglider means:

that it is easy to steer, especially in aerobatics. that if unbalanced it returns into steady flight. that if unbalanced it is not completely returning into steady flight.

4. The lift acts:

always upwards from the aerofoil. always perpendicularly to the chord. always perpendicularly to the direction of flow attacking the aerofoil.

5. The separation of streamlines is when:

the airflow becomes detached from the surface of the aerofoil. the streamlines leave the aerofoil after copying its shape. turbulent flow around the upper surface of the wing switches to laminar flow.

6. Bringing a paraglider close to the critical angle of attack is manifested by:

significant rise of forces in steering lines. sudden increase of descent rate. decrease of steering forces.

7. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

the weight of the aircraft and lift. the drag and the gravity force. the gravity force and resultant aerodynamic force.

8. The inner wing side angle of attack of a turning paraglider:

is changing due to a change of trailing edge position. is not changing. is changing because the wing banks in the same moment.

9. Stationary front is the one that:

is not moving or moves very slowly. is moving only clockwise. is moving in leaps.

10. At the passing active II. kind cold front we encounter typical dangerous phenomena:

low clouds, thick stratiform clouds and strong persistent rainfall. strong turbulence, severe icing, active thunderstorm activity, heavy showers, strong winds. icing, persistent rainfall, impaired visibility.

11. At a stable temperature stratification and strong wind which increases with height, behind a terrain obstacle occures a flow fenomenon called:

Wave. Vortex. Turbulence.

12. Which of the following cloud types are a sign of unstable air mass?

St, Cs Sc, Ns Cu, Cb

13. Among high level clouds are:

Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus St – stratus, Sc – stratocumulus Cc – cirrocumulus, Cs – cirrostratus

14. Wind significantly affects air traffic:

only in flight at flight level. in all its stages. during landing and takeoff, but not in flight at flight level.

15. The stratification of air in an inversion layer is:

unstable. indifferent. stable.

16. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air.

17. What does the term „spin” mean?

Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. Symmetric paragider stall. A spiral.

18. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points.

19. The take off control includes:

the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space. the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments.

20. Spiral is performed by:

a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side. pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation.

21. The heading of aircraft and its direction of movement compare to ground is:

the same when flying in no wind or exactly against the wind or with the wind. the same when flying in no wind or with the wind exactly from left or right. always the same.

22. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

Experience of the pilot and his estimation. Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground. A good map and navigation skills of the pilot.

23. Geographical North and South:

change location depending on annual periods. are influenced by the Earth’s magnetism. do not change location.

24. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

perpendicularly to the wind from left. with the wind. against the wind.

25. Geographic coordinates indicate:

certain place name. time zone position. certain geographical location.

26. The most suitable maps for aeronautical navigation are:

the maps which truly reflect the topographic situation and angles. those with precise angles. maps with 1 : 500 000 scale.

27. 225 degrees is direction:

south east. north west. south west.

28. If during a flight the reserve parachute drops out accidentally and opens:

I prepare for the landing on the rescue, nothing else can be done anyway. I should try to collapse the glider canopy by pulling rear risers or steering to minimise its influence into reserve parachute flight and I should get prepared for landing. I should collapse the rescue parachute by pulling its lines.

29. You miscounted the landing approach and need to shorten it. You are 30 m above the ground:

By flying in figure eight or S turns you loose hight before the final glide. By pulling tips of the wing via the right lines you can reduce the effective surface of the wing and glide under a better angle to the ground. In such altitude is best to make a 360 turn.

30. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

in rapid uncontrolable rotation. after being blown behind a mountain ridge. under a Cumulonimbus cloud.

31. During ground handling training the glider lifts the pilot above the ground in a wind gust unexpectedly. The correct procedure is:

to pull the steering fully. to release the steering and fly, steer and land back to the ground. to pull and release the steering repeatedly and by such flapping go back to the ground.

32. Your last choice for emergency landing would always be:

water surface. a parking. electric wires.

33. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight. fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost.

34. Can I meet an airliner in Class E airspace?

No. Only in clouds. Yes.

35. A Czech paraglider technical certificate is issued:

by a producer’s technical inspector for category „P” and by LAA CR for category „Z”. always by a Paragliding Technical Inspector of LAA CR. always by a designated Paragliding Operations Inspector of LAA CR.

36. Airport operations are:

all traffic at the aerodrome area and all aircrafts flying in the vicinity of the airport. all flying aircrafts and aircrafts on the aerodrome operational area. all vehicles and persons operations on the aerodrome area.

37. The minimum age of student for beginning of theoretical and practical paragliding training in the Czech Republic is:

16 years with the consent of his legal guardians. 14 years with the consent of his legal guardians. 15 years with the consent of his legal guardians.

38. The pilot (aircraft commander) is in competence to:

The pilot has no right to decide on the execution of a flight. to obey an operator's decision on the execution of a flight. to decide definitively on the execution of a flight.

39. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations. a segregated airspace with a permanent information service. a segregated airspace with air traffic control service.

40. An overtaking plane is that which approaches the overtaken aircraft from behind on a line forming with a plane of symmetry of the overtaken aircraft angle of less than:

60 degrees. 70 degrees. 80 degrees.

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

sun and wrong packing. UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

42. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

43. If the unconscious afflicted is not breathing:

We start the resuscitation immediately. First we try to free the airway. We promptly transport him to the professional medical service.

44. After applying tourniquet the wound is still bleeding:

The tourniquet needs tightening. We need to use another compress bandage. Loosen the tourniquet and lift the afflicted limb up.

45. To prevent heat loss the most effective is:

To wrap undressed afflicted tightly in an "anti-shock" foil. To cover dressed afflicted gently with an "anti-shock" foil. To wrap dressed afflicted tightly in an "anti-shock" foil.

46. Unless prevented by special circumstances, the best for the accident afflicted is:

the "Anti-shock" position with legs and arms raised as high as possible„ a position that the afflicted person wants to take. a position on the side („stabilized” or „recovery” position).

47. The most effective anti shock precautions in laic first aid (after securing vital functions) are:

thermal comfort, lots of sweet liquids, position on side. fracture fixing, wound and abrasions treatment. convenient position, thermal comfort, calming.

48. Chest compression during resuscitation is performed:

in the middle of chest bone. by the lower end of chest bone. next to left nipple.

49. Resuscitation without artificial respiration is performed:

by chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute; instead of artificial breath there is a break after every 30 compressions for 5 seconds. by continuous chest compression at rate of about 100 times per minute. by chest compression at rate of about 60 times per minute so that resultant minute rate would be the same as there was also the artificial respiration.

50. The most essential first aid actions that can be performed in the event of serious accident are:

to stop heavy bleeding, clearing the airway and fight against heat loss. gentle transportation to the place of professional help. fixing the bone fractures, treatment of wounds and abrasions.