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Test - PL A

1. The inner wing side angle of attack of a turning paraglider:

is changing due to a change of trailing edge position. is changing because the wing banks in the same moment. is not changing.

2. The dynamic stability of a paraglider means:

that it is easy to steer, especially in aerobatics. that if unbalanced it is not completely returning into steady flight. that if unbalanced it returns into steady flight.

3. If the pilot weight increases the paraglider or powered paraglider speed:

decreases. does not change. increases.

4. The polar line is a chart expressing:

the horizontal speed and angle of attack ratio. the speed and drag ratio. the vertical speed and horizontal speed ratio.

5. At minimum speed:

the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the farthest. the paraglider or powered paraglider will fly the longest. the paraglider or powered paraglider is close to stall.

6. The lift on the aerofoil is created by:

the force of flowing air from front of the aerofoil (when the angel of attack is positive). densification of streamlines below the aerofoil, the lower surface of the aerofoil thus generates a negative pressure; above the aerofoil the streamlines expand and thereby an overpressure occurs above the aerofoil. densification of streamlines above the aerofoil, the top surface of the aerofoil thus generates a negative pressure; below the aerofoil the streamlines expand and thereby an overpressure occurs beneath the aerofoil.

7. In a normal steady flight:

there is negative pressure on the upper surface and overpressure on the lower surface of the wing. there is overpressure on the upper and lower surface of the wing. there is overpressure on the upper surface and negative pressure on the lower surface of the wing.

8. The aircraft falls when:

the aircraft take off weight is higher then maximum allowed. the pilot makes too sharp turn. it gets over the critical angle of attack.

9. Dew point is:

the height of the zero isotherm. a place over which a cloud will form. the temperature to which air must be cooled to induce condensation.

10. What type of precipitation can be expected on an active cold front?

Showers and thunderstorms. Drizzle. Light persistent rain.

11. Among high level clouds are:

Cu – cumulus, Ac – altocumulus St – stratus, Sc – stratocumulus Cc – cirrocumulus, Cs – cirrostratus

12. In troposphere, at vertical rise of 100 m the pressure drop:

is the same in all altitudes. is lower in higher altitudes then in lower altitudes. is higher in higher altitudes then in lower altitudes.

13. When I. kind cold front passes, the precipitation zone is:

at the front line. before the front line. after the front line.

14. In what part of a day is the highest probability of mass storm occurrence in Middle Europe?

Late morning. Around midnight. Noon, afternoon.

15. How is relative humidity of air affected by changes in the quantity of water vapor contained in it?

It is affected only by temperature. It is not affected by water vapour amount changes. It increases with increasing amounts of water vapor.

16. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy always tends to collapse and therefore the pilot must brake. the glider usually tends to collapse and therefore the pilot should break a bit before turning. the glider informs the pilot by its movements about the strength of the lift and usually also about which direction is better to turn.

17. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower. at the top of the mountain.

18. What does the term „spin” mean?

Symmetric paragider stall. Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. A spiral.

19. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces. Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air.

20. I increase the flight speed by:

pulling a bit of steering. depressing the speed system. pulling the trimmers.

21. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

22. An aircraft on bearing 265 in a wind 085 is flying:

with the wind. against the wind. perpendicularly to the wind from left.

23. Contour lines are curves connecting points of the same:

declination. negative hight, so called dephtines. alitude.

24. The location of geographical and magnetic poles is:

identical. The magnetic pole is always to the east from the geographical pole. not identical.

25. The difference between UTC and Central European (CET) time is:

2 hours. 1 hour. There is no difference.

26. Magnetic course is measured:

from bearing indicator. from geographical north of local meridian. from prime meridian.

27. When performing comparative orientation it is always more reliable:

to carefully view the terrain below the aircraft. to focus on one landmark. to locate and identify several landmarks.

28. The best when blown behind a ridge is: Při přefouknutí přes kopec je nejbezpečnější

to fly with the wind as far as possible to a possible emergency landing field. to do big ears which will help to fly through turbulences by increasing surface load of the wing. to use a reserve parachute which is more stable in turbulences.

29. A glider with an asymmetric collapse tends to:

fly on, but pilots tend to do unwise piloting inputs. turn rapidly to the side with the collapse and then rotate or slowly return into straight flight. fall quickly and therefore it is necessary to prevent such situations at any cost.

30. Your last choice for emergency landing would always be:

electric wires. a parking. water surface.

31. After an asymmetric collapse the correct procedure is:

pulling the steering on the not collapsed side quickly and fully to help the regeneration of the canopy. no sudden piloting inputs; a certified paraglider will return into straight flight itself. weight shift in the not collapsed side of the glider and brake the same side slightly to stop rotation.maximálně se vyklonit na nezaklopenou stranu a také ji přibrzdit tak, aby nedošlo k rotaci

32. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

to execute a descending maneuvre. stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft. using the reserve parachute.

33. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it. to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind. to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud.

34. Airdrome traffic zone - ATZ is:

a segregated airspace with a permanent information service. a segregated airspace, which serves to protect airport operations. a segregated airspace with air traffic control service.

35. A light aircraft can be steered by:

a pilot who holds a valid pilot license with the appropriate qualifications or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum. a pilot who holds a valid pilot license with the appropriate qualifications or a person authorized by the light aircraft operator in the presence of the pilot, or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum. a pilot who holds a valid assessment on medical fitness or a student pilot under the conditions laid down in the training curriculum.

36. The prohibited airspace (LKP):

cannot be entered axcept with a special authorization of a competent authority. can be entered but cannot be left. can be entered only on the G class airspace level and at the indicated air speed lower then 460 km/h.

37. A pilot must have a valid pilot's license on him:

at every flight. at a flight outside the airport. at every cross country flight.

38. Except for takeoff or landing, or except by permit issued by the Aviation Authority, a VFR flight must be conducted over the congested areas or gathering of people in the open air at a height that may not be less than:

300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft. 300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 300 m from the aircraft. 150 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft.

39. The AGL abbreviation by a height data in the airspace map means:

the hight above the see level. the hight according the local atmospheric pressure. the hight above the ground level.

40. Czech abbrevation SLZ means:

Stálé Letové Zabezpečení = Permanent Flight Security Společná Letová Zóna = Common Flight Zone Sportovní Létající Zařízení = Sport Flying Equipment

41. Initial examination includes:

finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C.

42. Risers are:

up-going thermal currents. pilots who get up early. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness.

43. Choose the true statement about heat loss after an injury:

Maintaining body temperature is one of the most energy-intensive vital processes. Fight against heat loss therefore belongs - especially with severe injuries - amongst life-saving acts with high priority. Preventing heat loss is especially important because possible hypothermia is unpleasant and stressful for the afflicted. But this is not the priority for first aid. Mild hypothermia is in terms of first aid advantageous because it inhibits the metabolic processes and thus slows the onset of shock. Severe and prolonged hypothermia is harmful, preventing heat loss is therefore of particular importance for injuries in the winter and in poorly accessible terrain.

44. During an improvised transport of an afflicted:

the limbs should be stretched along the long axis of body. the specific position is not a question but the fact that the afflicted is fixed and the position does not change suddenly. the head should be placed so that it could move in response to terrain unevenness.

45. Fractures of upper limbs are preferably fixed by:

tightening to the body in extended position. using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). hanging in a triangular bandage.

46. The most effective anti shock precautions in laic first aid (after securing vital functions) are:

fracture fixing, wound and abrasions treatment. thermal comfort, lots of sweet liquids, position on side. convenient position, thermal comfort, calming.

47. A layperson without special training is performing resuscitation:

by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 30:2. by chest compressions only. by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 15:2.

48. A foreign object (e.g. little stone, sherd or so):

is to be removed from a wound if it is possible without excessive violence (e.g. rinsing with water, gently pulling etc.). is never to be removed - cover the wound with anything in it and soak the bandage with disinfection. must be removed even if surrounding tissue is damaged and then the wound needs rinsing with disinfection.

49. If it is obvious that the action of rescue helicopter is necessary, in the Czech Republic it is preferably needed to call number:

1210 155 112

50. Resuscitation (animation) is needed to be performed if the afflicted:

is unresponsive, not moving and not breathing, or only "gasping" breaths are seen. is unresponsive and there is no pulse on carotid artery (the breathing state is not important). is unresponsive, not moving, regardless of the state of breathing (a layperson is not able to reliably judge the respiratory status).