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Test - PL A

1. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

2. The lift coefficient is influenced the most by:

the air foil thickness. the air foil curving. the speed of flow.

3. When the surface load changes the glide ratio:

changes because the relation between lift and drag does not change. changes because effective bearing area is the same. does not change because the relation between lift coefficient and drag coefficient does not change.

4. When air flow is laminar:

there is a relative mix of streamlines. there is no relative mix of streamlines. there is a relative mix of streamlines but at the end of given aerofoil there are no significant eddies in the flow.

5. When increasing the angle of attack:

the lift coefficient and drag coefficient increase. the lift coefficient increases and drag coefficient decreases. the lift coefficient and drag coefficient decrease.

6. The lift on the aerofoil:

is created due to different speed of flow above nad below the aerofoil. is generated by the Coriolis force and by equalizing pressure above and below the aerofoil. is created due to angle of attack and change of air temperature above and below of the wing.

7. The aerodynamic drag is a sum of:

form drag, friction drag, induced drag and interference drag. parasitic drag and supportive drag. parasitic drag, form drag, interference drag and rolling drag.

8. A paraglider stall occures when:

the pilot breaks too much. the speed system is pushed too fast. the glider overcomes the pilot when taking off.

9. Air density:

decreases with decreasing air temperature. increases with decreasing air temperature. increases with increasing air temperature.

10. What prevents the air flow from areas of high pressure directly into the area of low air pressure?

Friction on the earth's surface. The force caused by the pressure gradient. The Coriolis force.

11. Precipitation falling out of the cloud systems of significant warm fronts are mainly:

persistent rainfall. occasional rainfall. showers.

12. What are the characteristic signs of the weather on the leeward side of the mountains during Fohn?

Overcast, precipitation, good visibility. Variable cloudiness and occasional rain, moderate or no wind. Few clouds, unusual increase of temperature, low humidity, often strong winds.

13. Characteristic typical for the troposphere is:

rise of pressure with hight. temperature drop with hight. isothermal stratification.

14. Which of the following processes in the air layer may lead to the formation of cumulus and cumulonimbus cloudiness?

Convection. Subsidence. Stable air layers lifting on frontal boundary.

15. What will be the surface wind characteristics in the area where on the surface meteorological map there are isobars close together?

Strong wind blowing perpedicularly to the isobars. Weak wind blowing along the isobars. Strong wind blowing approximately along the isobars.

16. Ridge soaring is practiced so that:

we fly alongside a slope at its windward side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points. we soar the wind wave just above the mountain ridge turning 180° at the turn points no matter what direction. we fly alongside a slope just above its lee side turning 180° into the wind at the turn points which means against the slope.

17. B-stall is performed by:

by pulling the second row risers. by gradual pulling the rear row risers. by gradual pulling the first row risers.

18. The take off control includes:

the check of harness, lines, canopy, weather and space. the check of canopy, carabiners, weather and space in the direction of flight and landing. the check of glider and harness wear and tear, stitching, carabiners, helmet and instruments.

19. What does the term „spin” mean?

Symmetric paragider stall. Asymmetrical (one side) paraglider stall. A spiral.

20. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and can collapse. the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards.

21. In stronger wind it is better to take off:

down at a sufficient distance from the mountain top. at the top of the mountain. so that the canopy is at the level of mountain top and the pilot a bit lower.

22. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

A good map and navigation skills of the pilot. Experience of the pilot and his estimation. Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground.

23. Magnetic course is measured:

from geographical north of local meridian. from bearing indicator. from prime meridian.

24. 10 cm in map with 1 : 200 000 scale refers of real distance:

50 km 20 km 200 km

25. The most suitable maps for aeronautical navigation are:

those with precise angles. the maps which truly reflect the topographic situation and angles. maps with 1 : 500 000 scale.

26. Terrain formations such as forests, meadows, lakes, castles, roads, railways etc. are called:

topographic area. topographic situation. map projections.

27. When comparing the map with the terrain the most important is:

accurate compass. to carefully view the terrain ahead of the aircraft, alongside the aircraft and consistently compare the map with the terrain. accurate watch.

28. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

in rapid uncontrolable rotation. under a Cumulonimbus cloud. after being blown behind a mountain ridge.

29. In mid-air collision about 50 to 100 m above the terrain the correct procedure is:

stalling the glider and so clear the contact with the other aircraft. to execute a descending maneuvre. using the reserve parachute.

30. When landing in water surface a pilot should steer the glider:

with the wind from a side. with the wind. against the wind.

31. If the steering line brakes, the correct procedure is:

steering by another suitable line and the other steering line or, if there is enough hight, use the reserve parachute. steering via weight shift and cautious pulling of the rear risers. turning only in the side where the steering line is OK.

32. For emergency landing You would prefer:

water. buildings. trees.

33. If I stall the glider:

I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I release the steering quickly. I release the steering continuously. I use the reserve parachute; if there is not enough hight, I hold the steering down firmly.

34. The AGL abbreviation by a height data in the airspace map means:

the hight according the local atmospheric pressure. the hight above the see level. the hight above the ground level.

35. What is it CTR?

Terminal controlled area. An air space where VFR flights are forbidden. Control zone of an airport.

36. Flying a paraglider is allowed:

from sunset to sunrise. in VFR conditions during a day; a day is considered as a time period between sunrise and sunset. only during a day, which means between morning civil twilight and evening civil twilight or in a similar period of time which can be designated by a competent authority.

37. Verifying whether a paraglider technical certificate is valid is a duty of:

the operator. the aircraft commander (pilot). the head of air traffic.

38. Who is authorized to check a pilot's license or student document?

Paragliding operations inspector and Paragliding technical inspector of LAA CR, a person authorized by the Ministry of Transport or the CAA of the CR, Czech Police. Paragliding operations inspector of LAA CR, person authorized of Ministry of Transport, Czech Police or local municipal authority personnel. Paragliding operations inspector of LAA CR, Czech Police, Czech CAA inspector, a person authorized by an airport or property owner.

39. Conducting a paragliding training is only allowed to:

a competition pilot, a PG instructor and a PG instructor in training. a sport pilot and a PG instructor. a PG instructor and a PG instructor in training.

40. The paraglider canopy is damaged mostly by:

UV rays, mechanical abrasion and humidity. mice and other wild rodents. storage in dark and dry rooms.

41. Risers are:

pilots who get up early. up-going thermal currents. the webbings which connect a glider's suspension lines to a pilot's harness.

42. Initial examination includes:

vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs. finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering.

43. Resuscitation can be (among others) terminated:

after 20 min of performing it without any obvious effect. if it has reliably been found that the afflicted is older than 70 years. when consciousness is restored - the patient begins to respond.

44. During an improvised transport of an afflicted:

the limbs should be stretched along the long axis of body. the head should be placed so that it could move in response to terrain unevenness. the specific position is not a question but the fact that the afflicted is fixed and the position does not change suddenly.

45. Fractures of lower limbs are preferably fixed by:

hanging in a triangular bandage. tightening to the other limb (only if that is not broken too). using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.).

46. A layperson without special training is performing resuscitation:

by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 15:2. by chest compressions and artificial respiration in ratio 30:2. by chest compressions only.

47. The best way of use of the „anti-shock” foil (thermal blanket) is:

The afflicted is carefully covered with it. It is laid under the afflicted. The afflicted is tightly wraped into it including head, only face is uncovered.

48. Clearing the airway of unconscious patient is done primarily using:

backward head tilt. forward head tilt. stabilised position.

49. A paraglider in a spin fell nearby. On our approach he lies on his back, unconscious, not breathing, bluish. No clearly visible injury is obvious. We'll call an ambulance and firstly:

lay the afflicted in the stabilized position. lay the afflicted in the anti-shock position with head underlaid. free the airway by backward head tilt.

50. Choose the true statement about using the thermal („space”) blanket:

The foil is a very good thermal isolation but does not protect against moisture - it can leak in strong rain. The side doesn’t matter, the important is to wrap it tightly all around the patient. This blanket can be also used as a tourniquet or improvised bandage.