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Test - PL A

1. The inner wing side angle of attack of a turning paraglider:

is changing because the wing banks in the same moment. is not changing. is changing due to a change of trailing edge position.

2. In a steady gliding flight there is a balance between:

gravity force and lift plus drag. lift and drag. thrust and weight, drag and lift.

3. How the speed system works?

It increases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. It decreases the angle of attack by releasing the rear risers. It decreases the angle of attack by pulling the front risers. Sometimes it deforms the aerofoil shape.

4. Larger part of lift is generated:

below the aerofoil, around 2/3. above the aerofoil, around 2/3. above 2/3 of the aerofoil, around 55%.

5. Lift arises when an aerofoil is in flow due to the creation of a pressure differential above and below the aerofoil. What is the pressure below and above the aerofoil and what is the ratio of their sizes at normal angles of attack?

There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure. There is overpressure below the aerofoil and negative pressure above the aerofoil in the ratio of 1/3 of overpressure and 2/3 of negative pressure.

6. At the critical angle of attack:

the lift coefficient reaches its maximum values, over further increasing of the angle of attack the lift coefficient decreases abruptly. the lift coefficient sharply increases. the drag coefficient drops abruptly.

7. What will be the change of flow speed and static air pressure in a place where the streamline density increases?

The speed will decrease, the static pressure will decrease. The speed will increase, the static pressure will increase. The speed will increase, the static pressure will decrease.

8. Glide ratio is influenced only by:

total weight. the velocity of flow. the angle of attack (i.e. lift and drag coefficients).

9. At what altitude the barometric pressure reaches about a half the pressure to the mean sea level?

3000 m MSL 7000 m MSL 5500 m MSL

10. The lowest layer of the atmosphere is called:

stratosphere. mesosphere. troposphere.

11. Wind is given by:

the direction towards what it blows and speed. speed. the direction from which it blows and speed.

12. The most common wind direction in the valley caused by thermal effects is:

during the day towards the hill. during the day down the hill. during the night towards the hill.

13. Which of the following types of cloud is considered middle level clouds in the temperate latitudes?

As, Ac St, Sc Ns, Ci

14. Humidity means:

the amount of water vapor in the air snowing precipitation fall

15. A certain volume of moist but unsaturated air rises. Which of the following changes?

Absolute humidity. Mixing ratio. Relative humidity.

16. When entering a thermal current:

the canopy lilts backwards and can shoot forward afterwards. the canopy tilts sidewards and can get asymmetric collapse. the canopy shoots forward and can collapse.

17. An asymmetric collapse of about 1/2 of the leading edge should be solved by:

weight shift into the collapsed side and light break of the non collapsed side to keep the glider in straight flight. weight shift into the non collapsed side and light break of the same side to keep the glider in straight flight. no inputs in steering letting the glider reinflate.

18. What are the possible wind direction indicators in a strange place where there is no wind sock?

Positions of gliders on the ground which landed earlier. Grass waves, smoke, tree shaking, moving dust or other light objects in the air. Circling of birds of prey, direction of cloud shades movement and waves on water surfaces.

19. I increase the flight speed by:

depressing the speed system. pulling the trimmers. pulling a bit of steering.

20. Spiral is performed by:

a smooth transition from a turn into sharper and sharper turn via gradually increased brake input and body weight shift in the same side in which turning. pulling at first both the brakes and then loosening one brake all the way up while the other pulling completely down - the paraglider descends circling in a dynamic and fast rotation. weight shift in the intended turning side, pulling the steering on that side and pulling down the front riser on the other side.

21. So called escaping maneuvers include:

spiral, big ears and B-stall. spiral, spin and B-stall. spiral, full-stall and B-stall.

22. Which of the following conditions is the most important for comparative navigation?

Experience of the pilot and his estimation. Navigational preparation before flight, map, visibility of ground. A good map and navigation skills of the pilot.

23. 225 degrees is direction:

north west. south east. south west.

24. Geographic coordinates indicate:

certain geographical location. time zone position. certain place name.

25. Direction south is reported by:

180° 090° 360°

26. The most suitable maps for aeronautical navigation are:

maps with 1 : 500 000 scale. the maps which truly reflect the topographic situation and angles. those with precise angles.

27. Course is measured in degrees from north:

clockwise to the east and counterclockwise to the west. clockwise. counterclockwise.

28. After a tall tree landing:

you should do maximum via reachable means to get professional rescue help (a cellphone or radio call, waiting for friends, whistle ect.) you should wait until your friends come and then you climb down while they are ready to catch you if needed. you should climb down as fast as possible to show that you are OK.

29. Your last choice for emergency landing would always be:

water surface. electric wires. a parking.

30. When sucked in a vertically developed cloud the best to do is:

to steer the glider straight into the lightest part of the cloud. to keep circling through the cloud as high as possible and so fly over it. to perform the most effective escape maneuver and try to keep flying against the wind.

31. Your special equipment for safety maneuvers training should be:

a life jacket, an orange helmet and light shoes. a life jacket, a hook knife for cutting lines or risers. a life jacket and a flare.

32. Use the reserve parachute without hesitating:

in rapid uncontrolable rotation. under a Cumulonimbus cloud. after being blown behind a mountain ridge.

33. For emergency landing You would prefer:

buildings. trees. water.

34. If two or more aircrafts heavier then air are approaching one airport with the intention to land and the avoidance rules do not apply, the priority of landing is as follows:

the aircraft flying on left gives way to the aircraft flying from right. the aircraft flying higher gives way to the lower flying aircraft. the slower aircraft gives way to the faster aircraft.

35. A proof of liability insurance must be on board during all flights.

No. Not during an airport flight. Yes.

36. Pilots must have the documents required for flying a light aircraft:

with them at cross country flights. with them at every flight. with them at flights outside the airport.

37. The paraglider canopy is damaged mostly by:

UV rays, mechanical abrasion and humidity. storage in dark and dry rooms. mice and other wild rodents.

38. VFR flights in C, D and E classes airspace may be carried out at a distance from clouds:

at least 1500 m horizontally and 300 m vertically. only the first at the cloud base pilot can fly in into the cloud. outside the clouds and in visibility of ground.

39. A Czech Pilot license holder can obtain a Sport Pilot license after:

five months. six months. nine months.

40. An aircraft in flight or moving on the ground must give way to the aircraft:

which has no connection with the air traffic control cervices. which is landing or in the final approach to the landing. which received permission for landing approach.

41. A paraglider is the most damaged by:

UV rays, wet storage and abrasion. sun and wrong packing. winch tow flying, powered paragliding and operation on wet grass.

42. Initial examination includes:

finding the circumstances of the incident, the patient's problems and possible diseases which he is suffering. vital functions check according to the chart A-B-C. fast check of the afflicted „from head to toe” with emphasis on injury signs.

43. If one layer of pressure bandage is not enough to stop bleeding from a wound on leg:

We take off the old bandage and apply a new one and tighten it better. We urge the arrival of emergency services and re-emphasize the urgency of the case. We apply another 1 or 2 layers or, if still not enough, use a tourniquet.

44. The best way of use of the „anti-shock” foil (thermal blanket) is:

It is laid under the afflicted. The afflicted is tightly wraped into it including head, only face is uncovered. The afflicted is carefully covered with it.

45. If it is obvious that the action of rescue helicopter is necessary, in the Czech Republic it is preferably needed to call number:

155 112 1210

46. Choose the true statement about improvised transport:

The priority of an improvised transport is speed. Unless it is necessary the patient should not be transported before the arrival of professional assistance. The most important is that the afflicted stays in a slightly inclined position with head down during the whole transport.

47. When stopping bleeding by tourniquet, the principle is:

„The tourniquet must hurt.“ „The tourniquet must not hurt.“ „If using tourniquet, then properly.“

48. "Gasping breaths" mean:

noticeably noisy breaths in fast pace; these breaths are typical for developing shock-like state. noticeably fast but quiet and shallow breathing, typical for a patient with an airway obstruction. individual breaths in noticeably long intervals by the unconscious afflicted; these breaths are typical for cardiac arrest.

49. During ridge soaring after a collapse about 10 meters above ground a pilot landed hard on his left side; He is obviously shaken, however gets up, then collapses, is pale, reports pain in his hip, shakes, he wants to sleep, a little confused, but strictly refuses an offered call for an ambulance. The procedure will be:

We lay him in shade into semi sitting position and check him occasionally during flying. If his condition gets worse, we call help. We lay him in the anti-shock position with his feet up, cover him and call an ambulance. We are trying to calm him down, keep him in a position which is the most comfortable for him, cover him and call the emergency services.

50. Fractures of upper limbs are preferably fixed by:

using an improvised splint (branch, stick, etc.). hanging in a triangular bandage. tightening to the body in extended position.